WordNet
- a result; "this situation developed in response to events in Africa"
- a phrase recited or sung by the congregation following a versicle by the priest or minister
- the manner in which an electrical or mechanical device responds to an input signal or a range of input signals
- the property of something that has been weakened or reduced in thickness or density
- weakening in force or intensity; "attenuation in the volume of the sound" (同)fading
- relating to or controlled by the autonomic nervous system; "autonomic reflexes"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈C〉(…に対する)『返事』,『返答』《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉〈U〉(…に対する)『反応』,『反響』《『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉応答歌,応唱(牧師にならって合唱隊・会衆が短い祈り・歌を応答すること)
- 細くすること,薄めること / 減少
- 自律神経の
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Role of adenosine A(2A) receptor signaling in the nicotine-evoked attenuation of reflex cardiac sympathetic control.
- El-Mas MM, El-Gowilly SM, Fouda MA, Saad EI.AbstractBaroreflex dysfunction contributes to increased cardiovascular risk in cigarette smokers. Given the importance of adenosinergic pathways in baroreflex control, the hypothesis was tested that defective central adenosinergic modulation of cardiac autonomic activity mediates the nicotine-baroreflex interaction. Baroreflex curves relating changes in heart rate (HR) to increases or decreases in blood pressure (BP) evoked by i.v. doses (1-16μg/kg) of phenylephrine (PE) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), respectively, were constructed in conscious rats; slopes of the curves were taken as measures of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Nicotine (25 and 100μg/kg i.v.) dose-dependently reduced BRS(SNP) in contrast to no effect on BRS(PE). BRS(SNP) was also attenuated after intracisternal (i.c.) administration of nicotine. Similar reductions in BRS(SNP) were observed in rats pretreated with atropine or propranolol. The combined treatment with nicotine and atropine produced additive inhibitory effects on BRS, an effect that was not demonstrated upon concurrent exposure to nicotine and propranolol. BRS(SNP) was reduced in preparations treated with i.c. 8-phenyltheophylline (8-PT, nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist), 8-(3-Chlorostyryl) caffeine (CSC, A(2A) antagonist), or VUF5574 (A(3) antagonist). In contrast, BRS(SNP) was preserved after blockade of A(1) (DPCPX) or A(2B) (alloxazine) receptors or inhibition of adenosine uptake by dipyridamole. CSC or 8-PT abrogated the BRS(SNP) depressant effect of nicotine whereas other adenosinergic antagonists were without effect. Together, nicotine preferentially impairs reflex tachycardia via disruption of adenosine A(2A) receptor-mediated facilitation of reflex cardiac sympathoexcitation. Clinically, the attenuation by nicotine of compensatory sympathoexcitation may be detrimental in conditions such as hypothalamic defense response, posture changes, and ventricular rhythms.
- Toxicology and applied pharmacology.Toxicol Appl Pharmacol.2011 Aug 1;254(3):229-37. Epub 2011 Apr 29.
- Baroreflex dysfunction contributes to increased cardiovascular risk in cigarette smokers. Given the importance of adenosinergic pathways in baroreflex control, the hypothesis was tested that defective central adenosinergic modulation of cardiac autonomic activity mediates the nicotine-baroreflex int
- PMID 21550361
Japanese Journal
- AUTONOMIC REACTIVITY OF HYPOTHESIS-TESTING IN DECISION-MAKING
- TERASAWA Yuri,UMEDA Satoshi
- PSYCHOLOGIA 53(3), 195-206, 2010
- … Hypotheses-testing in performing IGT is essential for learning correct rules and elicits autonomic reactivity. … The attenuation of SCRs resulted from reduced motivation to continue the hypotheses-testing. … Our findings provide some evidence that observed autonomic responses partially reflect emotional reactions associated with the hypothesis-testing. …
- NAID 130000440981
Related Links
- Total autonomic blockade eliminates the attenuated pressor response to angiotensin II in pregnant rats. TINA HINES, MARSHALL. D. LINDHEIMER,. AND WILLIAM. M. BARRON. Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and of Medicine, ...
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- 細くなること、衰弱、やつれ。希薄化。(工)減弱、減衰量、減衰、希釈
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- 関
- autonomous, autonomy, vegetativus
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