関: aluminon

WordNet

street name for lysergic acid diethylamide (同)back breaker, battery-acid, dose, dot, Elvis, loony toons, Lucy in the sky with diamonds, pane, superman, window pane, Zen
any of various water-soluble compounds having a sour taste and capable of turning litmus red and reacting with a base to form a salt
having the characteristics of an acid; "an acid reaction"

PrepTutorEJDIC

酸性の / 酸味のある,すっぱい(sour) / (言葉・態度などが)厳しい,しんらつな / 酸 / すっぱいもの / 《俗》=LSD

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/02/17 22:29:33」(JST)

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Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) is a chemical compound that readily polymerizes in aqueous solution, forming a stable free radical that inhibits protein-nucleic acid interactions. It is a potent inhibitor of ribonuclease and topoisomerase II by preventing the binding of the nucleic acid to the enzyme. It stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation processes including the Jak2/STAT5 pathway in NB2 lymphoma cells, ErbB4 in neuroblastoma cells, and MAP kinases, Shc proteins, phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase and phospholipase Cγ in PC12 cells. It also inhibits apoptosis. It prevents down-regulation of Ca²⁺-impermeable GluR2 receptors and inhibits calpain, a Ca²⁺-activated protease that is activated during apoptosis.^[1]

It is used to inhibit protein biosynthesis in its initial stages. Nominally, it is used in biological experiments as a protein inhibitor, and as an ammonium salt (known as aluminon) it is used as a reagent to estimate the aluminium in water, biological tissue, and foods.^[2]

It was found that ATA is a strong inhibitor of topoisomerases and other nucleases. It might be useful for increasing efficiency of RNA isolation.^[3]

It has been discovered that using aurintricarboxylic acid against influenza-A post-infection has a strong protective effect by inhibiting the virus' ability to reproduce. In cultured canine kidney cells, it was found to reduce viral reproduction and infection when applied post-infection, but not when used as a 'vaccine'.^[4] It has also been shown to block the binding of the HIV coat molecule gp120 to the CD4 co-receptor on T cells through which it invades.^{[citation needed]}

Preparation

Aurintricarboxylic acid can be prepared by the condensation of formaldehyde with salicylic acid in the presence of nitrite-containing sulfuric acid.^[5]

References

^ ^a ^b "Aurintricarboxylic acid". Sigma-Aldrich.
^ "Aurintricarboxylic Acid". Reference.MD.
^ Skidmore, A. F.; Beebee, T. J. (October 1989). "Characterization and use of the potent ribonuclease inhibitor aurintricarboxylic acid for the isolation of RNA from animal tissues". The Biochemical Journal 263 (1): 73–80. PMC 1133392. PMID 2481441.
^ Hashem, A. M.; Flaman, A. S.; Farnsworth, A.; Brown, E. G.; van Domselaar, G.; He, R.; Li, X. (2009). "Aurintricarboxylic Acid is a Potent Inhibitor of Influenza A and B Virus Neuraminidases". PLoS ONE 4 (12): e8350. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008350. PMC 2792043. PMID 20020057.
^ Arthur I. Vogel. Practical Organic Chemistry Including Qualitative Organic Analysis.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 胎児の酸塩基の生理学 fetal acid base physiology
2. 神経管欠損予防のための葉酸 folic acid for prevention of neural tube defects
3. 疾患予防におけるビタミン補給 vitamin supplementation in disease prevention
4. 胃酸分泌の生理学 physiology of gastric acid secretion
5. バルプロ酸中毒 valproic acid poisoning

English Journal

Etoposide increases equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 activity and fluorothymidine uptake: Screening of 60 cytotoxic agents.

Lee EJ, Lee SJ.SourceInstitute for Innovative Cancer Research, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea.
Oncology reports.Oncol Rep.2013 Feb;29(2):763-70. doi: 10.3892/or.2012.2172. Epub 2012 Dec 10.
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) is a major regulator for the uptake of [18F]fluorothymidine ([18F]FLT), a promising positron emission tomography tracer for treatment monitoring. Various antimetabolites such as 5-fluorouracil often increase ENT1 acti
PMID 23232555

Aurintricarboxylic Acid Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Blocking Chemokine-Mediated Pathogenic Cell Migration and Infiltration.

Zhang F, Wei W, Chai H, Xie X.SourceCAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950).J Immunol.2012 Dec 24. [Epub ahead of print]
Multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), are autoimmune diseases characterized by the immune-mediated demyelination and neurodegeneration of the CNS. Overactivation of CD4(+) T cells, especially the Th1 and Th17 subpopulations, is thought to be the di
PMID 23267022

Application of aurintricarboxylic acid for the adherence of mouse P19 neurons and primary hippocampal neurons to noncoated surface in serum-free culture.

Lee TY, Chen WS, Huang YA, Liu TW, Hwang E, Tseng CP.SourceDept. of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan.
Biotechnology progress.Biotechnol Prog.2012 Nov-Dec;28(6):1566-74. doi: 10.1002/btpr.1638. Epub 2012 Oct 23.
Dissociated primary neuron culture has been the most widely used model systems for neuroscience research. Most of these primary neurons are cultured on adhesion matrix-coated surface to provide a proper environment for cell anchorage under serum-free conditions. In this study, we provide an alternat
PMID 23011767

Japanese Journal

Selection of an Effective Red-Pigment Producing Monascus pilosus by Efficient Transformation with Aurintricarboxylic Acid

Chen Yi-Pei,Chen I-Ching,Hwang Ing-Er [他],YUAN Gwo-Fang,LIAW Li-Ling,TSENG Ching-Ping
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 72(11), 3021-3024, 2008-11-23
… was genetically transformed with a reporter plasmid, pMS-1.5hp, by aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) treatment to obtain an efficient red-pigment producing mutant. …
NAID 10027534353

Repeated Addition of Insulin for Dynamic Control of Apoptosis in Serum-Free Culture of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY)

Yun Zhanyou,Takagi Mutsumi,Yoshida Toshiomi [他]
Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 96(1), 59-64, 2003-07-25
… Repeated addition of insulin, together with an initial addition of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) and a chelator, aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA), was proposed as a strategy for the dynamic control of apoptosis in serum-free culture of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. …
NAID 110002665152

Diethyldithiocarbamate-Induced Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis in Leukemia Cell Lines

Kanno Syu-ichi,Matsukawa Emi,Miura Ai [他],SHOUJI Ai,ASOU Keiko,ISHIKAWA Masaaki
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 26(7), 964-968, 2003-07-01
… N-Acetylcysteine (NAC: 1 mM), a vanguard substance of GSH, and aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA: 100μM), an endonuclease inhibitor, ameliorated DDTC-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis. …
NAID 110003608555

「アウリントリカルボン酸」

Aurintricarboxylic acid^[1]
Names
	IUPAC name 5,5'-((3-Carboxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methylene)bis(2-hydroxybenzoic acid)
	Other names Aluminon free acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	4431-00-9
Abbreviations	ATA
ChEBI	CHEBI:87397
ChEMBL	ChEMBL275938
ChemSpider	2172 ; 323088 (tautomeric form)
Jmol interactive 3D	Image; Image
PubChem	2259
	InChI InChI=1S/C22H14O9/c23-16-4-1-10(7-13(16)20(26)27)19(11-2-5-17(24)14(8-11)21(28)29)12-3-6-18(25)15(9-12)22(30)31/h1-9,23-24H,(H,26,27)(H,28,29)(H,30,31) Key: GIXWDMTZECRIJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1/C22H14O9/c23-16-4-1-10(7-13(16)20(26)27)19(11-2-5-17(24)14(8-11)21(28)29)12-3-6-18(25)15(9-12)22(30)31/h1-9,23-24H,(H,26,27)(H,28,29)(H,30,31) Key: GIXWDMTZECRIJT-UHFFFAOYAI ;
	SMILES C1=CC(=C(C=C1C(=C2C=CC(=O)C(=C2)C(=O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)C(=O)O)C(=O)O)O ; O=C(O)\C1=C\C(\C=C/C1=O)=C(/c2ccc(O)c(C(=O)O)c2)c3ccc(O)c(C(=O)O)c3 ;
Properties
Chemical formula	C22H14O9
Molar mass	422.35 g·mol−1
Appearance	Dark red to brown powder
Melting point	300 °C (572 °F; 573 K)
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references