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Arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.31) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

arachidonate + O₂ (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-(12S)-12-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are arachidonate and oxygen, whereas its product is (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-(12S)-12-hydroperoxyicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O₂ as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O₂. The systematic name of this enzyme class is arachidonate:oxygen 12-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include Delta12-lipoxygenase, 12-lipoxygenase, 12Delta-lipoxygenase, C-12 lipoxygenase, 12S-lipoxygenase, leukotriene A4 synthase, and LTA4 synthase. This enzyme participates in arachidonic acid metabolism. At least one compound, 3-methoxytropolone is known to inhibit this enzyme.

References

Hamberg M, Samuelsson B (1974). "Prostaglandin endoperoxides. Novel transformations of arachidonic acid in human platelets". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71 (9): 3400–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.71.9.3400. PMC 433780. PMID 4215079.
Nugteren DH (1975). "Arachidonate lipoxygenase in blood platelets". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 380 (2): 299–307. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(75)90016-8. PMID 804329.
Wallach DP, Brown VR (1981). "A novel preparation of human platelet lipoxygenase. Characteristics and inhibition by a variety of phenyl hydrazones and comparisons with other lipoxygenases". Biochim. Biophys. Acta 663 (2): 361–72. doi:10.1016/0005-2760(81)90165-x. PMID 6783111.

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English Journal

Radiosensitivity of human prostate cancer cells can be modulated by inhibition of 12-lipoxygenase.

Lövey J, Nie D, Tóvári J, Kenessey I, Tímár J, Kandouz M, Honn KV.SourceDepartments of Radiotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary.
Cancer letters.Cancer Lett.2013 Jul 28;335(2):495-501. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.03.012. Epub 2013 Mar 21.
Nearly 30% of prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with potentially curative doses relapse at the sites of irradiation. How some tumor cells acquire radioresistance is poorly understood. The platelet-type 12-lipoxygenases (12-LOX)-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism is important in PCa progressio
PMID 23523613

The novel 13S,14S-epoxy-maresin is converted by human macrophages to maresin 1 (MaR1), inhibits leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H), and shifts macrophage phenotype.

Dalli J, Zhu M, Vlasenko NA, Deng B, Haeggström JZ, Petasis NA, Serhan CN.Source1C.N.S., Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 77 Ave. Louis Pasteur, HIM 829, Boston, MA 02115, USA. cnserhan@zeus.bwh.harvard.edu.
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.FASEB J.2013 Jul;27(7):2573-83. doi: 10.1096/fj.13-227728. Epub 2013 Mar 15.
Maresins are produced by macrophages from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and exert potent proresolving and tissue homeostatic actions. Maresin 1 (MaR1; 7R,14S-dihydroxy-docosa-4Z,8E,10E,12Z,16Z,19Z-hexaenoic acid) is the first identified maresin. Here, we investigate formation, stereochemistry, and prec
PMID 23504711

12S-Lipoxygenase is necessary for human vascular smooth muscle cell survival.

Weisinger G, Grafi-Cohen M, Hirsh M, Knoll E, Sharon O, Many A, Limor R, Stern N.SourceInstitute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizman Street, Tel Aviv 64239, Israel. gary_w@tasmc.health.gov.il
Experimental cell research.Exp Cell Res.2013 Jun 10;319(10):1586-93. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2013.04.001. Epub 2013 Apr 8.
Considerable evidence has been published demonstrating the importance of lipoxygenase enzymes for vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth. The current study sets out to determine whether or not 12-lipoxygenase (12LO) is also important for human placental VSMC survival. Both a pharmacological and t
PMID 23578768

Japanese Journal

Increased metastatic potential in human prostate carcinoma cells by overexpression of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase

NIE D
Clin Exp Metastasis 20, 657-663, 2003
NAID 30012304498

Hinokitiol, a selective inhibitor of the platelet-type isozyme of arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase

SUZUKI H
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 275, 885-889, 2000
NAID 80011902110

Platelet-type Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase in Mouse Gastrointestinal Tract

, ,
Acta histochemica et cytochemica 31(1), 71-75, 1998
… 12-Lipoxygenase enzyme oxygenates the position 12 of arachidonic acid, and produces 12S-hydroperoxy-arachidonic acid. … When mouse gastrointestinal tract was immunostained with an antiserum against human platelet 12-lipoxygenase and examined by light microscopy, positively-stained cells were found in the epithelium of stomach and small and large intestines. …
NAID 110003146810

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リンク元	「アラキドン酸12-リポキシゲナーゼ」
関連記事	「arachidonate」「lipoxygenase」

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arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase
Identifiers
EC number	1.13.11.31
CAS number	82391-43-3
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
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PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins