持続性吸息
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/11/13 17:11:28」(JST)
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Apneustic respiration (a.k.a. apneusis) is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep, gasping inspiration with a pause at full inspiration followed by a brief, insufficient release.
Accompanying signs and symptoms may include decerebrate posturing; fixed, dilated pupils; coma or profound stupor; quadriparesis; absent corneal reflex; absent doll's eye sign; negative oculocephalic reflex; and obliteration of the gag reflex.
Causes
It is caused by damage to the pons or upper medulla caused by strokes or trauma. Specifically, concurrent removal of input from the vagus nerve and the pneumotaxic center causes this pattern of breathing. It is an ominous sign, with a generally poor prognosis.
It can also be temporarily caused by some drugs, such as ketamine.
See also
External links
- About brain injury and functions
- http://jap.physiology.org/cgi/reprint/55/3/851.pdf
- 912982089 at GPnotebook
English Journal
- μ opioid receptor activation hyperpolarizes respiratory-controlling Kölliker-Fuse neurons and suppresses post-inspiratory drive.
- Levitt ES1, Abdala AP2, Paton JF2, Bissonnette JM3, Williams JT1.
- The Journal of physiology.J Physiol.2015 Jul 15. doi: 10.1113/JP270822. [Epub ahead of print]
- KEY POINTS: In addition to reductions in respiratory rate, opioids also cause aspiration and difficulty swallowing, indicating impairment of the upper airways. The Kölliker-Fuse (KF) maintains upper airway patency and a normal respiratory pattern. In this study, activation of μ opioid receptors in
- PMID 26175072
- Somatostatin in the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla: Origins and mechanism of action.
- Bou Farah L1, Bowman BR1, Bokiniec P1, Karim S1, Le S1, Goodchild AK1, McMullan S1.
- The Journal of comparative neurology.J Comp Neurol.2015 Jul 1. doi: 10.1002/cne.23846. [Epub ahead of print]
- Somatostatin (SST) or agonists of the SST-2 receptor (sst2 ) in the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) lower sympathetic nerve activity, arterial pressure, and heart rate, or when administered within the Bötzinger region, evoke apneusis. Our aims were to describe the mechanisms responsible for th
- PMID 26131686
- Bidirectional plasticity of pontine pneumotaxic postinspiratory drive: implication for a pontomedullary respiratory central pattern generator.
- Poon CS1, Song G2.
- Progress in brain research.Prog Brain Res.2014;209:235-54. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-63274-6.00012-6.
- The "pneumotaxic center" in the rostral dorsolateral pons as delineated by Lumsden nine decades ago is known to play an important role in promoting the inspiratory off-switch (IOS) for inspiratory-expiratory phase transition as a fail-safe mechanism for preventing apneusis in the absence of vagal in
- PMID 24746051
Japanese Journal
- Reflections on the brainstem dysfunction in neurologically disabled children
- NMDA receptor-mediated inspiratory off-switching in pneumotaxic-disconnected cats
- HAJI Akira,OKAZAKI Mari,YAMAZAKI Hiromi,TAKEDA Ryuji
- Neuroscience research : the official journal of the Japan Neuroscience Society 32(4), 323-331, 1998-12-01
- NAID 10006163692
Related Links
- apneusis [ap-noo´sis] sustained, gasping inhalation followed by short, inefficient exhalation, which can continue to the point of asphyxia; it is often associated with lesions in a respiratory center of the brain. adj., adj apneu´stic. ap·neu ...
- Apneusis definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Look it up now! Dictionary.com Word of the Day Translate Games Blog Thesaurus.com Apps Favorites Log Out Log In ...
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