同: アミロイド・アンギオパチー

WordNet

(pathology) a waxy translucent complex protein resembling starch that results from degeneration of tissue
a non-nitrogenous food substance consisting chiefly of starch; any substance resembling starch
any disease of the blood vessels or lymph ducts

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/25 15:52:24」(JST)

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Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), also known as congophilic angiopathy,^[1] is a form of angiopathy in which amyloid deposits form in the walls of the blood vessels of the central nervous system.^[2] The term congophilic is used because the presence of the abnormal aggregations of amyloid can be demonstrated by microscopic examination of brain tissue after application of a special stain called Congo red. The amyloid material is only found in the brain and as such the disease is not related to other forms of amyloidosis.^[3]

Signs and symptoms

Since this can be caused by the same amyloid protein that is associated with Alzheimer's dementia such brain hemorrhages^[4] are more common in people who suffer from Alzheimer's, however they can also occur in those who have no history of dementia. The hemorrhage within the brain is usually confined to a particular lobe^[5] and this is slightly different compared to brain hemorrhages which occur as a consequence of high blood pressure (hypertension) - a more common cause of a hemorrhagic stroke (or cerebral hemorrhage).^[6]

Causes

CAA has been identified as occurring either sporadically (generally in elderly populations)^[7] or in familial forms such as Flemish, Iowa, and Dutch types.In all cases, it is defined by the deposition of Aβ in the leptomeningal and cerebral vessel walls.^[8]

The reason for increased deposition of Aβ in sporadic CAA is still unclear with both increased production of the peptide and abnormal clearance having been proposed as potential causes.^[9] Under normal physiology Aβ is cleared from the brain by four pathways: (1) endocytosis by astrocytes and microglial cells, (2) enzymatic degradation by neprilysin or insulysin(3) cleared by way of the blood brain barrier or (4) drained along periarterial spaces. Abnormalities in each of these identified clearance pathways have been linked to CAA.^[10]^[11]

In familial forms of CAA, the cause of Aβ build up is likely due to increased production rather than poor clearance.^[12] Mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP), Presenilin (PS) 1 and PS2 genes can result in increased rates of cleavage of the APP into Aβ.An immune mechanism has also been proposed.^[13]^[14]

Diagnosis

MRI showing low signal foci in cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Conventional gradient echo T2*-weighted image (left, TE=20ms), susceptibility weighted image (SWI) and SWI phase image (center and right, respectively, TE=40ms) at 1.5 Tesla.^[15]

Susceptibility weighted imaging has been proposed as a tool for identifying CAA-related microhemorrhages.^[16] Biopsies also play a role in diagnosing the condition.^[17]

Types

It is usually associated with amyloid beta.^[18]

However, there are other types:

the "Icelandic type" is associated with Cystatin C^[19]
the "British type" is associated with ITM2B^[20]
the "Dutch type" is associated with HCHWA-D^[21]

Research is currently being conducted to determine if there is a link between cerebral amyloid angiopathy and ingestion of excessive quantities of aluminum.^[22]

References

^ Exley C, Esiri MM (July 2006). "Severe cerebral congophilic angiopathy coincident with increased brain aluminium in a resident of Camelford, Cornwall, UK". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 77 (7): 877–9. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.086553. PMC 2117501. PMID 16627535.
^ "Cerebral amyloid angiopathy: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-05-27.
^ Newfoundland, FRCP William Pryse-Phillips MD, FRCP(C) Faculty of Medicine Health Sciences Centre Memorial University of Newfoundland St John's (2009-05-06). Companion to Clinical Neurology (in English). Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 9780199710041.
^ Godefroy, Olivier (2013-02-28). The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke (in English). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107310896.
^ Coleman, William B.; Tsongalis, Gregory J. (2010-02-16). Essential Concepts in Molecular Pathology (in English). Academic Press. ISBN 9780080922188.
^ "Brain Basics: Preventing Stroke: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)". www.ninds.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-05-27.
^ Sirven, Joseph I.; Malamut, Barbara L. (2008). Clinical Neurology of the Older Adult (in English). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781769471.
^ Ettinger, Alan B.; Weisbrot, Deborah M. (2014-04-17). Neurologic Differential Diagnosis: A Case-Based Approach (in English). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107014558.
^ Tolnay, Markus; Probst, Alphonse (2012-12-06). Neuropathology and Genetics of Dementia (in English). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781461512493.
^ Subramaniam, Rathan; Barrio, Jorge (2013-10-15). Novel Imaging Techniques in Neurodegenerative and Movement Disorders, an Issue of Pet Clinics (in English). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9780323227353.
^ Brain Extracellular Matrix in Health and Disease (in English). Elsevier. 2014-10-30. ISBN 9780444634948.
^ Hall, Tim (2013-09-17). PACES for the MRCP: with 250 Clinical Cases (in English). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 0702054666.
^ Mental Disorders: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition (in English). ScholarlyEditions. 2012-01-09. ISBN 9781464900853.
^ Advances in Dementia Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition (in English). ScholarlyEditions. 2012-12-26. ISBN 9781464991721.
^ Mittal, S.; Wu, Z.; Neelavalli, J.; Haacke, E. M. (2009). "Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications, Part 2". American Journal of Neuroradiology (in English) 30 (2): 232–252. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A1461. ISSN 0195-6108. PMID 19131406.
^ Ellenbogen, Richard G.; Abdulrauf, Saleem I.; Sekhar, Laligam N. (2012). Principles of Neurological Surgery (in English). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 1437707017.
^ Verbeek, M. M.; Waal, R. M. de; Vinters, Harry V. (2013-06-29). Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (in English). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9789401710077.
^ Dickson, Dennis; Weller, Roy O. (2011-09-09). Neurodegeneration: The Molecular Pathology of Dementia and Movement Disorders (in English). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444341232.
^ Larner, A. J. (2008-04-24). Neuropsychological Neurology: The Neurocognitive Impairments of Neurological Disorders (in English). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521717922.
^ Dening, Tom; Thomas, Alan (2013-09-26). Oxford Textbook of Old Age Psychiatry (in English). OUP Oxford. ISBN 9780199644957.
^ Rubin, Emanuel; Damjanov, Ivan (2013-11-11). Pathology Reviews · 1989 (in English). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781461245025.
^ Kawahara, Masahiro; Kato-Negishi, Midori (2011). "Link between Aluminum and the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: The Integration of the Aluminum and Amyloid Cascade Hypotheses". International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2011. doi:10.4061/2011/276393. ISSN 2090-0252. PMC 3056430. PMID 21423554.

External links

Chao, Christine P.; Kotsenas, Amy L.; Broderick, Daniel F. (September 1, 2006). "Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: CT and MR Imaging Findings". RadioGraphics 26 (5): 1517–1531. doi:10.1148/rg.265055090. ISSN 0271-5333.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 脳アミロイドアンギオパチー cerebral amyloid angiopathy
2. 脳卒中評価の概要 overview of the evaluation of stroke
3. 脳血管性認知症の病因、臨床症状、および診断 etiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of vascular dementia
4. 特発性脳出血：病因、臨床的特徴、および診断 spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage pathogenesis clinical features and diagnosis
5. 抗凝固剤投与患者における脳出血のリスク risk of intracerebral bleeding in patients treated with anticoagulants

English Journal

Sex Dimorphism Profile of Alzheimer's Disease-Type Pathologies in an APP/PS1 Mouse Model.

Jiao SS1, Bu XL1, Liu YH1, Zhu C1, Wang QH1, Shen LL1, Liu CH1, Wang YR1, Yao XQ1, Wang YJ2.
Neurotoxicity research.Neurotox Res.2016 Feb;29(2):256-66. doi: 10.1007/s12640-015-9589-x. Epub 2015 Dec 26.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia among the elderly, characterized by parenchymal and vascular beta-amyloid (Aβ) burden, tau pathology, neuroinflammation, and loss of neurons and synapses. There is a clear sex difference in the prevalence of AD. However, sex differences i
PMID 26707129

Sleep Fragmentation, Cerebral Arteriolosclerosis, and Brain Infarct Pathology in Community-Dwelling Older People.

Lim AS1, Yu L2, Schneider JA2, Bennett DA2, Buchman AS2.
Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation.Stroke.2016 Feb;47(2):516-8. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011608. Epub 2016 Jan 14.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although several forms of sleep disruption are associated with stroke, few studies have examined the relationship between sleep and histopathologic measures of cerebrovascular disease. We tested the hypothesis that greater sleep fragmentation is associated with a higher burde
PMID 26768207

Statin Therapy and the Development of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-A Rodent in Vivo Approach.

Reuter B1, Venus A2, Grudzenski S3, Heiler P4, Schad L5, Staufenbiel M6, Hennerici MG7, Fatar M8.
International journal of molecular sciences.Int J Mol Sci.2016 Jan 19;17(1). pii: E126. doi: 10.3390/ijms17010126.
BACKGROUND: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by vascular deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) with a higher incidence of cerebral microbleeds (cMBs) and spontaneous hemorrhage. Since statins are known for their benefit in vascular disease we tested for the effect on CAA.METHODS: APP23-tr
PMID 26797603

Japanese Journal

Binding of Curcumin to Senile Plaques and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in the Aged Brain of Various Animals and to Neurofibrillary Tangles in Alzheimers Brain

MUTSUGA Mayu,CHAMBERS James Kenn,UCHIDA Kazuyuki,TEI Meina,MAKIBUCHI Takao,MIZOROGI Tatsuya,TAKASHIMA Akihiko,NAKAYAMA Hiroyuki
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science advpub(0), 1108250620, 2011
… The binding of curcumin to senile plaques (SPs) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) was examined in the aged brain of various animal species and a human patient with Alzheimers disease (AD), together with its binding to neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). … Brain sections were immunostained with anti-amyloid β protein 1-42 (Aβ42) and anti-amyloid β protein 1-40 (Aβ40) antibodies. …
NAID 130001032925

脳アミロイドアンギオパチーによる脳葉型出血の発症機転

酒井直人,難波宏樹,三浦克敏,馬場聡,礒田治夫,横山徹夫
脳卒中の外科 = Surgery for cerebral stroke 38(5), 342-347, 2010-09-30
NAID 10026639456

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「脳アミロイドアンギオパチー」「アミロイド・アンギオパチー」
拡張検索	「cerebral amyloid angiopathy」「familial cerebral amyloid angiopathy」
関連記事	「amyloid」

「脳アミロイドアンギオパチー」

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
	Congo red stain.
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	I68.0
DiseasesDB	32874
MedlinePlus	000719
eMedicine	neuro/628
MeSH	D016657

　　[★]

英: cerebral amyloid angiopathy, CAA
同: 脳アミロイド血管症、脳アミロイド血管障害。アミロイドアンギオパチーアミロイド・アンギオパチー amyloid angiopathy AA アミロイド血管症？
関: コンゴーレッド親和性血管障害

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脳アミロイド血管症 CAA : 55 件
脳アミロイドアンギオパチー CAA : 73 件
脳アミロイド血管障害 CAA : 18 件

脳アミロイド血管症 : 約 20,900 件
脳アミロイドアンギオパチー : 約 21,000 件
脳アミロイド血管障害 : 50 件

「アミロイド・アンギオパチー」

　　[★]

英: amyloid angiopathy AA
関: 脳アミロイド血管症

「cerebral amyloid angiopathy」

　　[★] 脳アミロイドアンギオパチー CAA

「familial cerebral amyloid angiopathy」

　　[★]

家族性脳アミロイド血管症

「amyloid」

　　[★]

アミロイド

関: amyloid fibril、amyloid protein

[pmid16627535-1] Exley C, Esiri MM (July 2006). "Severe cerebral congophilic angiopathy coincident with increased brain aluminium in a resident of Camelford, Cornwall, UK". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 77 (7): 877–9. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.086553. PMC 2117501. PMID 16627535.

[2] "Cerebral amyloid angiopathy: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-05-27.

[3] Newfoundland, FRCP William Pryse-Phillips MD, FRCP(C) Faculty of Medicine Health Sciences Centre Memorial University of Newfoundland St John's (2009-05-06). Companion to Clinical Neurology (in English). Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 9780199710041.

[4] Godefroy, Olivier (2013-02-28). The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke (in English). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107310896.

[5] Coleman, William B.; Tsongalis, Gregory J. (2010-02-16). Essential Concepts in Molecular Pathology (in English). Academic Press. ISBN 9780080922188.

[6] "Brain Basics: Preventing Stroke: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)". www.ninds.nih.gov. Retrieved 2015-05-27.

[7] Sirven, Joseph I.; Malamut, Barbara L. (2008). Clinical Neurology of the Older Adult (in English). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9780781769471.

[8] Ettinger, Alan B.; Weisbrot, Deborah M. (2014-04-17). Neurologic Differential Diagnosis: A Case-Based Approach (in English). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107014558.

[9] Tolnay, Markus; Probst, Alphonse (2012-12-06). Neuropathology and Genetics of Dementia (in English). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781461512493.

[10] Subramaniam, Rathan; Barrio, Jorge (2013-10-15). Novel Imaging Techniques in Neurodegenerative and Movement Disorders, an Issue of Pet Clinics (in English). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9780323227353.

[11] Brain Extracellular Matrix in Health and Disease (in English). Elsevier. 2014-10-30. ISBN 9780444634948.

[12] Hall, Tim (2013-09-17). PACES for the MRCP: with 250 Clinical Cases (in English). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 0702054666.

[13] Mental Disorders: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition (in English). ScholarlyEditions. 2012-01-09. ISBN 9781464900853.

[14] Advances in Dementia Research and Treatment: 2012 Edition (in English). ScholarlyEditions. 2012-12-26. ISBN 9781464991721.

[15] Mittal, S.; Wu, Z.; Neelavalli, J.; Haacke, E. M. (2009). "Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging: Technical Aspects and Clinical Applications, Part 2". American Journal of Neuroradiology (in English) 30 (2): 232–252. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A1461. ISSN 0195-6108. PMID 19131406.

[16] Ellenbogen, Richard G.; Abdulrauf, Saleem I.; Sekhar, Laligam N. (2012). Principles of Neurological Surgery (in English). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 1437707017.

[17] Verbeek, M. M.; Waal, R. M. de; Vinters, Harry V. (2013-06-29). Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (in English). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9789401710077.

[18] Dickson, Dennis; Weller, Roy O. (2011-09-09). Neurodegeneration: The Molecular Pathology of Dementia and Movement Disorders (in English). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444341232.

[19] Larner, A. J. (2008-04-24). Neuropsychological Neurology: The Neurocognitive Impairments of Neurological Disorders (in English). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521717922.

[20] Dening, Tom; Thomas, Alan (2013-09-26). Oxford Textbook of Old Age Psychiatry (in English). OUP Oxford. ISBN 9780199644957.

[21] Rubin, Emanuel; Damjanov, Ivan (2013-11-11). Pathology Reviews · 1989 (in English). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9781461245025.

[22] Kawahara, Masahiro; Kato-Negishi, Midori (2011). "Link between Aluminum and the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease: The Integration of the Aluminum and Amyloid Cascade Hypotheses". International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 2011. doi:10.4061/2011/276393. ISSN 2090-0252. PMC 3056430. PMID 21423554.

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案内

amyloid angiopathy