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small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre

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(刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/31 03:06:40」(JST)

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A positive Tzanck test, showing three multinucleated giant cells ("Tzanck cells") in center.

In dermatopathology, the Tzanck test, also Tzanck smear, is scraping of an ulcer base to look for Tzanck cells. It is sometimes also called the chickenpox skin test and the herpes skin test.

Tzanck cells (multinucleated giant cells) are found in:

Herpes simplex^[1]
Varicella and herpes zoster
Pemphigus vulgaris
Cytomegalovirus

The Tzanck test has been largely replaced by DFA for identification of the herpes virus ^[2]

Procedure

Unroof vesicle and scrape base w/ sterile №15 scalpel blade
Smear onto clean glass slide
Fix w/ gentle heat or air dry
Fix w/ MeOH (Methanol)
Stain w/ Giemsa, methylene blue or Wright’s stain
Microscopic examination using oil immersion lens. (Look for multinucleate giant cells)^[3]

A modified test can be performed using proprietary agents which requires fewer steps and allows the sample to be fixed quicker.

Eponym

It is named after Arnault Tzanck (1886–1954), a French dermatologist.

References

^ Folkers E, Oranje AP, Duivenvoorden JN, van der Veen JP, Rijlaarsdam JU, Emsbroek JA (August 1988). "Tzanck smear in diagnosing genital herpes". Genitourinary medicine. 64 (4): 249–54. PMC 1194227. PMID 3169755.
^ "The laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections." Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2005 Mar-Apr; 16(2): 92–98. PMCID: PMC2095011
^ Pettit, Normal Microbiota of the Skin, ATSU School of Osteopathic Medicine Arizona, Lecture Slides. Jan 2013.

External links

Tzanck test - medlineplus.org.
Definition of Tzanck test - medterms.com.

This article related to pathology is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 性器単純ヘルペスウイルス感染の疫学、臨床症状、および診断 epidemiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus infection
2. 口腔病変 oral lesions
3. おむつ皮膚炎 diaper dermatitis
4. 皮膚の手技 dermatologic procedures
5. 単純ヘルペスウイルス1型感染の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of herpes simplex virus type 1 infection

English Journal

Value of the Tzanck smear test and dermatoscopy in the diagnosis of clear cell acanthoma.

Kose OK, Durdu M, Heper AO, Bilezikci B, Seckin D.
Clinical and experimental dermatology.Clin Exp Dermatol.2011 Apr;36(3):314-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2010.03961.x. Epub 2010 Nov 10.
PMID 21070339

Japanese Journal

口腔粘膜擦過細胞診にて診断し得た尋常性天疱瘡の1例

杉島節夫,横山俊朗,吉田友子,金原正昭,自見厚郎,神代正道,亀山忠光
日本臨床細胞学会雑誌 28(6), 953-956, 1989-11-22
NAID 110001281913

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

「cell」

　　[★] 細胞　　　　　　　

[pmid3169755-1] Folkers E, Oranje AP, Duivenvoorden JN, van der Veen JP, Rijlaarsdam JU, Emsbroek JA (August 1988). "Tzanck smear in diagnosing genital herpes". Genitourinary medicine. 64 (4): 249–54. PMC 1194227. PMID 3169755.

[2] "The laboratory diagnosis of herpes simplex virus infections." Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol. 2005 Mar-Apr; 16(2): 92–98. PMCID: PMC2095011

[3] Pettit, Normal Microbiota of the Skin, ATSU School of Osteopathic Medicine Arizona, Lecture Slides. Jan 2013.

v t e Eponymous medical signs for infectious disease

Bacterial disease	syphilis Hutchinson's teeth Hutchinson's triad Abelin reaction Westphal's sign Clutton's joints Dennie-Marfan syndrome

Viral disease	measles Koplik's spots Warthin-Finkeldey cell yellow fever Councilman body Tzanck test Inclusion bodies: poxvirus Downie bodies/A Guarnieri bodies/B rabies Negri bodies Cowdry bodies Liebermeister's rule Faget sign

Parasitic disease	Chagas disease (Romana's sign) African trypanosomiasis (Winterbottom's sign) malaria (Schüffner's dots)

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Tzanck cell