Sylvian fissure

シルビウス裂

WordNet

1. break into fissures or fine cracks
2. (anatomy) a long narrow slit or groove that divides an organ into lobes

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (細長い)裂け目,亀裂(きれつ)(crack)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/15 11:41:36」(JST)

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Lateral sulcus
Lateral sulcus
Details
Latin	fissura lateralis cerebri, sulcus lateralis cerebri
Identifiers
Gray's	p.819
NeuroNames	hier-30
NeuroLex ID	Lateral sulcus
TA	A14.1.06.006
FMA	77801
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

The lateral sulcus (also called Sylvian fissure or lateral fissure) is one of the most prominent structures of the human brain.

Anatomy

The lateral sulcus divides both the frontal lobe and parietal lobe above from the temporal lobe below. It's in both hemispheres of the brain but is longer in the left hemisphere in most people. The lateral sulcus is one of the earliest-developing sulci of the human brain. It first appears around the fourteenth gestational week.

The lateral sulcus has a number of side branches. Two of the most prominent and most regularly found are the ascending (also called vertical) ramus and the horizontal ramus of the lateral fissure, which subdivide the inferior frontal gyrus. The lateral sulcus also contains the transverse temporal gyri, which are part of the primary and below the surface auditory cortex.

Partly due to a phenomenon called Yakovlevian torque, the lateral sulcus is often longer and less curved on the left hemisphere than on the right.

It is also located near Sylvian Point.

The area lying around the Sylvian fissure is often referred to as the perisylvian cortex.

The human secondary somatosensory cortex (S2, SII) is a functionally-defined region of cortex in the parietal operculum on the ceiling of the lateral sulcus.

Discovery

The first depiction of the lateral sulcus (in its top right side) in 1600 in the Tabulae Pictae 112.10 by Girolamo Fabrici d'Acquapendente .

The cerebral cortex was not depicted in a realistic manner until the 17th century with the Sylvian fissure being first accurately painted by Girolamo Fabrici d'Acquapendente in 1600 to provide plates for his Tabulae Pictae.

The engraving by J. Voort Kamp published in 1641 that led to the lateral sulcus being named after Franciscus Sylvius

Its first description is traditionally taken to be in 1641 by Caspar Bartholin who attributed its discovery to Franciscus Sylvius (1614–1672), professor of medicine at Leiden University his book Casp. Bartolini Institutiones Anatomicae where it is noted that "F.S. [F.S. probably refers to Franciscus Sylvius] If you examine the indentations which are represented in Figure 5 quite attentively, you will notice that they are very deep and that the brain is divided from one side to the other by the “anfractuosa fissura,” which starts in the front part near the ocular roots, and from there moves backwards above the base of the spinal cord, following the temporal bones, and it divides the upper part of the brain from the lower."

It has been suggested that since Caspar Bartholin died in 1629 and Franciscus Sylvius only started medicine in 1632 that these words are either by his son Thomas Bartholin or Franciscus Sylvius. In 1663 in his Disputationem Medicarum, Franciscus Sylvius described the lateral fissure: "Particularly noticeable is the deep fissure or hiatus which begins at the roots of the eyes (oculorum radices) . . . it runs posteriorly above the temples as far as the roots of the brain stem (medulla radices). . . . It divides the cerebrum into an upper, larger part and a lower, smaller part".

Additional images

Base of brain (lateral fissure visible at top left)  Coronal section through mid-brain  Posterior and inferior cornua of left lateral ventricle exposed from the side  Drawing to illustrate the relations of the brain to the skull  Relations of the brain and middle meningeal artery to the surface of the skull  Human brain frontal (coronal) section: #24 is lateral sulcus.  Lateral sulcus shown in red (animation)  Cerebrum. Lateral view. Deep dissection.  Cerebrum. Lateral view. Deep dissection.  Cerebrum. Lateral view. Deep dissection.  Cerebrum. Optic and olfactory nerves. Inferior view. Deep dissection.  Cerebrum.Inferior view. Deep dissection.

References

External links

• The peri-sylvian aphasias
• sylvian fissure
• http://www.uams.edu/radiology/education/residency/diagnostic/pdf/sylvian_cistern_RSNA2003.pdf

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• Brain : a journal of neurology.Brain.2017 Oct 1;140(10):2691-2705. doi: 10.1093/brain/awx191.
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• Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior.Cortex.2017 Oct;95:92-103. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.07.021. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
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Japanese Journal

• Enlargement of the Veins in a Sylvian Fissure Mimicking a Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

• Internal Medicine, 2017
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• Warning leak による症候性脳血管攣縮で発症した破裂脳動脈瘤の1 例

• 脳卒中 39(4), 282-286, 2017
• NAID 130005858950

• Direct oral anticoagulant 服用中の未破裂脳動脈瘤に対する開頭クリッピング術3 日後に頭蓋内出血を来した1 例

• 脳卒中, 2017
• NAID 130005745501

Related Links

• SYLVIAN FISSURE (Search FastHealth.com) SYLVIAN ...

sylvian fissure n, often cap 1st S : a deep fissure of the lateral aspect of each cerebral hemisphere that divides the temporal from the parietal and frontal lobes - called also fissure of Sylvius , lateral fissure , lateral sulcus Du•bois or De Le Bo ...

• Sylvian fissure | definition of sylvian fissure by Medical dictionary

fissure [fish´er] 1. a narrow slit or cleft, especially one of the deeper or more constant furrows separating the gyri of the brain. 2. a deep cleft in the surface of a tooth, usually due to imperfect fusion of the enamel of the adjoining dental ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「シルビウス裂」
関連記事	「fissure」

「シルビウス裂」

　　[★]

英

Sylvian fissure, fissure of Sylvius

ラ

fissura Sylvii

同

シルヴィウス裂、外側大脳裂 lateral cerebral fissure fissura cerebri lateralis、外側溝 sulcus lateralis、シルビウス溝、Sylvian溝、Sylvian裂

関

中心溝、頭頂後頭溝、大脳溝

[show details]

外側大脳裂 : 10 件
外側溝 : 約 10,900 件
シルビウス裂 : 約 4,460 件
シルビウス溝 : 約 1,030 件

-Sylvian fissure

「fissure」

　　[★]

• n.

• 亀裂、割れ目、裂け目、ひび、分裂