シャイン・ダルガノ配列、Shine-Dalgarno配列
WordNet
- determine the order of constituents in; "They sequenced the human genome"
- a following of one thing after another in time; "the doctor saw a sequence of patients" (同)chronological sequence, succession, successiveness, chronological succession
- film consisting of a succession of related shots that develop a given subject in a movie (同)episode
- serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern; "the sequence of names was alphabetical"; "he invented a technique to determine the sequence of base pairs in DNA"
- several repetitions of a melodic phrase in different keys
- arrange in a sequence
- throw or flash the light of (a lamp); "Shine the light on that window, please"
- emit light; be bright, as of the sun or a light; "The sun shone bright that day"; "The fire beamed on their faces" (同)beam
- be clear and obvious; "A shining example"
- be distinguished or eminent; "His talent shines"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉〈C〉(時間の上の,また因果関係のつながりによる)『連続』,続き / 〈C〉《a~》(…の)一連のもの《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(起こる)『順序』(order),筋道 / 〈C〉(…に対する)結果《+『to』+『名』》
- 『光る,輝く』,樋り / (…で)〈目・霞などが〉生き生きとする,明るく輝く《『with』+『名』》 / (…のことで)光る,きわだつ《+『in』+『名』》 / (…に)…‘の'『光を向ける』,(…を)…‘で'照らす《+『名』+『on』+『名』》 / 〈靴・銀器など〉‘を'『みがいて光らせる』 / 《時にa~》『光』,花き / 《しばしばa~》靴をみがくこと / 日光;好天気
- 配列,接続;(特に時間の)調整
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/07/09 21:44:57」(JST)
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The Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence is a ribosomal binding site in prokaryotic messenger RNA, generally located around 8 bases upstream of the start codon AUG.[1] The RNA sequence helps recruit the ribosome to the messenger RNA (mRNA) to initiate protein synthesis by aligning the ribosome with the start codon.
The Shine-Dalgarno sequence exists both in bacteria and archaea. It is also present in some chloroplast and mitochondrial transcripts. The six-base consensus sequence is AGGAGG; in Escherichia coli, for example, the sequence is AGGAGGU, while subsequence GAGG dominates in E. coli virus T4 early genes.[further explanation needed][1]
The Shine-Dalgarno sequence was proposed by Australian scientists John Shine (b. 1946) and Lynn Dalgarno (b. 1935).
Contents
- 1 Shine-Dalgarno sequence recognition
- 1.1 Translation start sites
- 1.2 Translation termination
- 2 Sequence and protein expression
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Shine-Dalgarno sequence recognition
Translation start sites
Using a method developed by Hunt,[2][3] Shine and Dalgarno showed that the nucleotide tract at the 3' terminus of E. coli 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is pyrimidine-rich and has the sequence -PyACCUCCUUA 3' OH.[further explanation needed] They proposed that these ribosomal nucleotides recognize the complementary purine-rich sequence AGGAGGU, which is found upstream of the start codon AUG in a number mRNAs found in viruses that affect E. coli.[1] Many studies have confirmed that base pairing between the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in mRNA and the 3' end of 16S rRNA is of prime importance for initiation of translation by bacterial ribosomes.[4][5]
Given the complementary relationship between rRNA and the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in mRNA, it was proposed that the sequence at the 3'-end of the rRNA determines the capacity of the prokaryotic ribosome to translate a particular gene in a mRNA.[6] Base pairing between the 3'-end of the rRNA and the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in mRNA is a mechanism by which the cell can distinguish between initiator AUGs and internal and/or out-of-frame AUG sequences. The degree of base pairing also plays a role in determining the rate of initiation at different AUG initiator codons.
Translation termination
In 1973 Dalgarno and Shine proposed that in eukaryotes, the 3'-end of the small 18S rRNA may play a role in the termination of protein synthesis by complementary base pairing with termination codons.[7] This came from their observation that the 3' terminal sequences of 18S rRNA from Drosophila melanogaster , Saccharomyces cerevisiae,and rabbit cells are identical: GAUCAUUA -3'OH.[8] The conservation of this sequence between such distantly related eukaryotes implied that this nucleotide tract played an important role in the cell. Since this conserved sequence contained the complement of each of the three eukaryotic termination codons (UAA, UAG and UGA) it was proposed to have a role in the termination of protein synthesis in eukaryotes. A similar role for the 3' end of 16S rRNA in recognising termination triplets in E.coli was proposed in 1974 by Shine and Dalgarno on the basis of complementarity relationships between the 3'-terminal UUA-OH in 16S rRNA and E.coli termination codons.[citation needed] In F1 phage, a class of viruses that infect bacteria, the sequence coding for the first few amino acids often contains termination triplets in the two unused reading frames.[further explanation needed][9] In a commentary on this paper, it was noted that complementary base pairing with the 3'-terminus of 16S rRNA might serve to abort peptide bond formation after out-of-phase initiation.[10]
Sequence and protein expression
Mutations in the Shine-Dalgarno sequence can reduce or increase[11] translation in prokaryotes. This change is due to a reduced or increased mRNA-ribosome pairing efficiency, as evidenced by the fact that compensatory mutations in the 3'-terminal 16S rRNA sequence can restore translation.
See also
- Kozak consensus sequence, the sequence that targets the ribosome to the initiation codon in eukaryotes.
- Prokaryotic translation
References
- ^ a b c Malys N (2012). "Shine-Dalgarno sequence of bacteriophage T4: GAGG prevails in early genes". Molecular Biology Reports 39 (1): 33–9. doi:10.1007/s11033-011-0707-4. PMID 21533668.
- ^ Hunt J A (1970) Terminal-sequence studies of high-molecular-weight ribonucleic acid. The 3'-termini of rabbit reticulocyte ribosomal RNA. Biochemical Journal. 120, 353-363.
- ^ Shine J, Dalgarno L (1973) Occurrence of heat-dissociable ribosomal RNA in insects: the presence of three polynucleotide chains in 26S RNA from cultured Aedes aegypti cells. Journal of Molecular Biology, 75, 57-72.
- ^ Dahlberg A E (1989) The functional role of ribosomal RNA in protein synthesis. Cell 57, 525-529.
- ^ Steitz J A, Jakes K (1975) How ribosomes select initiator regions in mRNA: base pair formation between the 3'-terminus of 16S rRNA and the mRNA during the initiation of protein synthesis in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72, 4734-4738.
- ^ Shine J, Dalgarno L (1975) Determinant of cistron specificity in bacterial ribosomes. Nature 254 (5495) 34-38.
- ^ Dalgarno L, Shine J (1973) Conserved terminal sequence in 18S rRNA may represent terminator anticodons. Nature 245, 261-262
- ^ Hunt J A (1965) Terminal-sequence studies of high-molecular-weight ribonucleic acid. The reaction of periodate-oxidized ribonucleosides, 5'-ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acid with isoniazid. Biochemical Journal. 95, 541-51.
- ^ Pieczenik G, Model P, Robertson HD (1974) Sequence and symmetry in ribosome binding sites of bacteriophage f1RNA. Journal of Molecular Biology 90(2), 191-124
- ^ Anon (1976) Signals for protein synthesis. Nature 260, 12-13.
- ^ Johnson G (1991). "Interference with phage lambda development by the small subunit of the phage 21 terminase, gp1". Journal of Bacteriology 173(9): 2733–2738. PMID 1826903.
Further reading
- Voet D and Voet J (2004). Biochemistry (3rd ed.). John Wiley and Sons Inc. pp. 1321–1322 and 1342–1343.
- Hale WG, Margham JP, Saunders VA eds (1995) Collins Dictionary of Biology, (2nd ed) Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence. p 565.
- Lewin, B. (1994) Genes V. Oxford University Press. pp 179, 269.
- Alberts B, Bray D, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Watson JD (1994) The Molecular Biology of the Cell (3rd ed.) pp 237, 461.
- Malys N, McCarthy JEG (2011). "Translation initiation: variations in the mechanism can be anticipated". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 68 (6): 991–1003. doi:10.1007/s00018-010-0588-z. PMID 21076851.
- Mustafa Cicek, Ozal Mutlu, Aysegul Erdemir, Ebru Ozkan, Yunus Saricay, Dilek Turgut-Balik (2013), "Single Mutation in Shine-Dalgarno-Like Sequence Present in the Amino Terminal of Lactate Dehydrogenase of Plasmodium Effects the Production of an Eukaryotic Protein Expressed in a Prokaryotic System". Molecular Biotechnology 54(2): 602-608. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12033-012-9602-z
External links
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=eurekah.section.19320
Protein biosynthesis: translation (prokaryotic, eukaryotic)
|
|
Proteins |
Initiation factor |
Prokaryotic |
|
|
Archaeal |
|
|
Eukaryotic |
eIF1 |
|
|
eIF2 |
- EIF2S1
- EIF2S2
- EIF2S3
- EIF2B1
- EIF2B2
- EIF2B3
- EIF2B4
- EIF2B5
- EIF-2 kinase
- eIF2A
- eIF2D
|
|
eIF3 |
- EIF3A
- B
- C
- D
- E
- F
- G
- H
- I
- J
- K
- L
- M
|
|
eIF4 |
- EIF4A2
- A3
- B
- E1
- E2
- E3
- G1
- G2
- G3
- H
|
|
eIF5 |
|
|
eIF6 |
|
|
|
|
Elongation factor |
Prokaryotic |
|
|
Archaeal |
|
|
Eukaryotic |
- EEF-1
- EEF1A1
- EEF1A2
- EEF1A3
- EEF1B1
- EEF1B2
- EEF1B3
- EEF1B4
- EEF1D
- EEF1E1
- EEF1G
- EEF2
|
|
|
Release factor |
- Prokaryotic
- Archaeal
- Eukaryotic (ETF1)
|
|
Ribosomal Proteins |
- RPS1
- RPS2
- RPS3
- RPS4
- RPS5
- RPS6
- RPS7
- RPS8
- RPS9
- RPS10
- RPS11
- RPS12
- RPS13
- RPS14
- RPS15
- RPS16
- RPS17
- RPS18
- RPS19
- RPS20
- RPS21
- RPS22
- RPS23
- RPS24
- RPS25
- RPS26
- RPS27
- RPS28
- RPS29
|
|
|
Other concepts |
- Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase
- Reading frame
- Start codon
- Stop codon
- Shine-Dalgarno sequence/Kozak consensus sequence
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Co-expression of a heat shock transcription factor to improve conformational quality of recombinant protein in Escherichia coli.
- Hsu SY1, Lin YS1, Li SJ1, Lee WC2.
- Journal of bioscience and bioengineering.J Biosci Bioeng.2014 Sep;118(3):242-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2014.02.012. Epub 2014 Mar 18.
- A co-expression system was established in Escherichia coli for enhancing the cellular expression of heat shock transcription factor, sigma 32 (σ(32)). A Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the rpoH gene of E. coli, which encodes σ(32), were cloned into a bacterial plasmid containing a gene fusion encodin
- PMID 24656305
- Translation Initiation Rate Determines the Impact of Ribosome Stalling on Bacterial Protein Synthesis.
- Hersch SJ1, Elgamal S2, Katz A2, Ibba M2, Navarre WW3.
- The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2014 Aug 22. pii: jbc.M114.593277. [Epub ahead of print]
- Ribosome stalling during translation can be caused by a number of characterized mechanisms. However, the impact of elongation stalls on protein levels is variable and the reasons for this are often unclear. To investigate this relationship we examined the bacterial translation elongation factor P (E
- PMID 25148683
- Dynamic pathways of -1 translational frameshifting.
- Chen J1, Petrov A2, Johansson M2, Tsai A1, O'Leary SE2, Puglisi JD2.
- Nature.Nature.2014 Aug 21;512(7514):328-32. doi: 10.1038/nature13428. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
- Spontaneous changes in the reading frame of translation are rare (frequency of 10(-3) to 10(-4) per codon), but can be induced by specific features in the messenger RNA (mRNA). In the presence of mRNA secondary structures, a heptanucleotide 'slippery sequence' usually defined by the motif X XXY YYZ,
- PMID 24919156
Japanese Journal
- Co-expression of a heat shock transcription factor to improve conformational quality of recombinant protein in Escherichia coli(ENZYMOLOGY, PROTEIN ENGINEERING, AND ENZYME TECHNOLOGY)
- Determination of the ribosome-binding sequence and spacer length between binding site and initiation codon for efficient protein expression in Bifidobacterium longum 105-A(GENETICS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, AND GENE ENGINEERING)
- Development of a High-Expression System for Staphylococcal Exfoliative Toxin Genes
Related Links
- Shine-Dalgarno sequence part of the leader sequence preceding the start codon of mRNA that is AGGAGGU or a variant thereof that binds the mRNA to a complementary sequence in the 16S component of rRNA so that translation of ...
- Shine-Dalgarno sequence The Shine-Dalgarno sequence (or Shine-Dalgarno box), proposed by Australian scientists John Shine and Lynn Dalgarno,[1] is a ribosomal ... my.chemeurope.com With an accout for my.chemeurope.com ...
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