WordNet

sound loudly and sonorously; "the bells rang" (同)peal
a toroidal shape; "a ring of ships in the harbor"; "a halo of smoke" (同)halo, annulus, doughnut, anchor ring
jewelry consisting of a circlet of precious metal (often set with jewels) worn on the finger; "she had rings on every finger"; "he noted that she wore a wedding band" (同)band
a characteristic sound; "it has the ring of sincerity"
a platform usually marked off by ropes in which contestants box or wrestle
the sound of a bell ringing; "the distinctive ring of the church bell"; "the ringing of the telephone"; "the tintinnabulation that so voluminously swells from the ringing and the dinging of the bells"--E. A. Poe (同)ringing, tintinnabulation
attach a ring to the foot of, in order to identify; "ring birds"; "band the geese to observe their migratory patterns" (同)band
make (bells) ring, often for the purposes of musical edification; "Ring the bells"; "My uncle rings every Sunday at the local church" (同)knell
wearing a wedding ring; lawfully married; "a ringed wife"- Tennyson
having colored rings around the body
gymnastic apparatus consisting of a pair of heavy metal circles (usually covered with leather) suspended by ropes; used for gymnastic exercises; "the rings require a strong upper body"
the giving of a ring as a token of engagement

PrepTutorEJDIC

『指輪』 / 『輪』,環;輪形,円形 / (円形の)サーカス演技場,公演場,競技場;(ボクシング・レスリングの)リング / 《複数形で》(体操の)つり輪 / (不法な目的で結託した)(…の)徒党,一味《+『of』+『名』》 / (原子の)環 / …を円形に取り囲む,円で囲む《+『about』(『around』,《英》『round』)+『名,』+『名』+『about』(『around』,《英》『round』)+『名』》 / 〈動物〉‘に'鼻輪(首輪,足輪)をはめる / (遊びで)…‘に'輪を投げる / 環状に動く,輪を描く
〈鐘・ベルなどが〉『鳴る』 / 《『ring』+『形』〈補〉》(…のように)聞こえる / (…を)ベルを鳴らして求める《+『for』+『名』》 / 〈音声・楽器などが〉鳴り響く;〈場所が〉(音などで)満ちる《+『with』+『名』》 / 耳鳴りがする / 〈鐘・ベルなど〉‘を'『鳴らす』 / 〈人〉‘を'(鐘などを)『鳴らして呼ぶ』;…‘を'鐘を鳴らして知らせる / 《英》…‘に'電話をかける《+『up』+『名』,+『名』+『up』》 / 《単数形で》(鐘・ベルなどの)『鳴る音,響き』《+『of』+『名』》 / 鐘(ベルなど)を鳴らすこと;ベル(など)が鳴ること / 《単数形で》(…の)固有の響き,調子,感じ《+『of』+『名』》 / 《話》電話をかけること
輪にある;環状の / 指輪をはめた

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/15 07:55:39」(JST)

wiki en

A Schatzki ring or Schatzki-Gary ring is a narrowing of the lower part of the esophagus that can cause difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). The narrowing is caused by a ring of mucosal tissue (which lines the esophagus) or muscular tissue.^[1] A Schatzki ring is a specific type of "esophageal ring", and Schatzki rings are further subdivided into those above the esophagus/stomach junction (A rings),^[2] and those found at the squamocolumnar junction in the lower esophagus (B rings).^[3]

Patients with Schatzki rings can develop intermittent difficulty swallowing or, more seriously, a completely blocked esophagus. The ring is named after the German-American physician Richard Schatzki.

Clinical presentation

Not all patients with Schatzki rings have symptoms; barium swallow tests of the esophagus sometimes show Schatzki rings in patients with no swallowing difficulties. When Schatzki rings cause symptoms, they usually result in episodic dysphagia with solid foods, or a sensation that the food "sticks" while swallowing, especially if the food is not chewed thoroughly. Patients usually are able to regurgitate or force through the food material and resume eating. However, complete obstruction of the esophagus by a bolus of food (often called steakhouse syndrome) can occur. This can cause crushing chest pain and may need immediate treatment with endoscopy, which is the use of a specialized fibre-optic camera in order to remove the lodged food.^[4] After the obstruction is located, snares or forceps are inserted to pull the food out of the esophagus or to push it into the stomach. The latter is done with caution, usually when the anatomy of the structures around the obstruction is already known.

Diagnosis

A Schatzki ring is typically diagnosed by esophagogastroduodenoscopy or barium swallow. Endoscopy usually shows a ring within the lumen of the esophagus which can be of variable size (see picture). The ring is usually located a few centimetres above the gastro-esophageal junction, where the esophagus joins the stomach. Schatzki rings can often resemble a related entity called an esophageal web. Esophageal webs also contain extra mucosal tissue, but do not completely encircle the esophagus.

Endoscopies and barium swallows done for other reasons often reveal unsuspected Schatzki rings,^[5] meaning that many Schatzki rings are asymptomatic.

Two varieties of Schatzki rings have been described. The original description by Schatzki and Gary was of a ring of fibrous tissue seen on autopsy; this is the less common type of Schatzki ring.^[1] More commonly, the ring consists of the same mucosal tissue that lines the entire esophagus. Although many hypotheses have offered, the cause of Schatzki rings remains uncertain; both congenital and acquired factors may be involved.

Treatment

Asymptomatic Schatzki rings seldom worsen over time, and need no treatment.

Symptomatic Schatzki rings may be treated with esophageal dilatation, using bougie or balloon dilators. These have been found to be equally effective.^[6] Bougie dilatation involves passage of long dilating tubes of increasing size down the esophagus to stretch the area of narrowing, either over a guidewire passed into the stomach by endoscopy (the Savary-Gillard system) or using mercury-weighted dilators (the Maloney system). This is usually done with intravenous sedation to reduce discomfort. Dilatation can produce some temporary irritation. A short course of proton pump inhibitor therapy may decrease aggravation by stomach acid reflux into the esophagus. The duration of the benefit of dilation varies, but may be from months to years. Dilation may be repeated if narrowing recurs.

Epidemiology

About 6 to 14 percent of patients that receive a routine barium swallow test of the esophagus are found to have a Schatzki ring.^[7]

Other associations

Schatzki rings can be associated with swallow syncope, a rare variety of syncope.^[8]
Schatzki rings are associated with incidence of Barrett's esophagus, which is considered to be a pre-cancerous condition of the esophagus in some cases.^[9]

References

^ ^a ^b Schatzki, Richard; J. E. Gary (December 1953). "Dysphagia due to a diaphragm-like localized narrowing in the lower esophagus (lower esophageal ring)". The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy, and nuclear medicine 7) (6): 911–22. PMID 13104726. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Cotran, Ramzi S.; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Nelso Fausto; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders. p. 800. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.
^ "Obstruction: Esophageal Disorders: Merck Manual Home Health Handbook".
^ Stadler, J.; A. H. Hölscher, H. Feussner, J. Dittler and J. R. Siewert (December 1989). "The "steakhouse syndrome". Primary and definitive diagnosis and therapy". Surgical Endoscopy 3 (4): 195–8. doi:10.1007/BF02171545. PMID 2623551. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Pezzullo, john C.; Ann M. Lewicki (September 2003). "Schatzki ring, statistically reexamined". Radiology 228 (3): 609–13. doi:10.1148/radiol.2283021162. PMID 12869689. Retrieved 2006-07-20. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Scolapio, James S.; Tousif M. Pasha, Christopher J. Gostout, Douglas W. Mahoney, Alan R. Zinsmeister, Beverly J. Ott and Keith D. Lindor (July 1999). "A randomized prospective study comparing rigid to balloon dilators for benign esophageal strictures and rings". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 50 (1): 13–7. doi:10.1016/S0016-5107(99)70337-8. PMID 10385715. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ KEYTING, WS; BAKER, GM; MCCARVER, RR; DAYWITT, AL (December 1960). "The lower esophagus.". The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy, and nuclear medicine 84: 1070–5. PMID 13752844. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Gawrieh, Samer; Ty Carroll, Walter J. Hogan, Konrad H. Soergel and Reza Shaker (October 2005). "Swallow syncope in association with Schatzki ring and hypertensive esophageal peristalsis: report of three cases and review of the literature". Dysphagia 20 (4): 273–7. doi:10.1007/s00455-005-0024-y. PMID 16633871. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)
^ Mitre, Marcia C.; David A. Katzka, Colleen M. Brensinger, James D. Lewis, Ricardo J. Mitre and Gregory G. Ginsberg (May 2004). "Schatzki ring and Barrett's esophagus: do they occur together?". Digestive Diseases and Sciences 49 (5): 770–3. doi:10.1023/B:DDAS.0000030087.07078.8a. PMID 15259497. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 食道輪および食道ウェブ esophageal rings and webs
2. 消化器病学における臨床病理学的症例：食道 clinical pathological cases in gastroenterology esophagus
3. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis
4. 良性食道狭窄のマネージメント management of benign esophageal strictures
5. 消化管の糖尿病性自律神経ニューロパチー diabetic autonomic neuropathy of the gastrointestinal tract

English Journal

Schatzki ring in pediatric and young adult patients.

Towbin AJ, Diniz LO.SourceDepartment of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., ML 5031, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. alexander.towbin@cchmc.org
Pediatric radiology.Pediatr Radiol.2012 Dec;42(12):1437-40. doi: 10.1007/s00247-012-2482-3. Epub 2012 Aug 11.
BACKGROUND: A Schatzki ring (SR) is an uncommon finding in children. Entities previously associated with an SR include gastroesophageal reflux (GER), hiatal hernia (HH) and eosinophilic esophagitis (EE).OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the overall incidence of SR and the frequenc
PMID 22886377

Prevalence, clinical manifestations and endoscopic features of eosinophilic esophagitis: a pathological review in China.

Shi YN, Sun SJ, Xiong LS, Cao QH, Cui Y, Chen MH.SourceDepartment of Internal Medicine, Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Journal of digestive diseases.J Dig Dis.2012 Jun;13(6):304-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2012.00593.x.
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and define its clinical and endoscopic characteristics in Chinese patients.METHODS: Esophageal specimens obtained from January 2006 to December 2010 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were revie
PMID 22624553

Japanese Journal

Lower esophageal (Schatzki's) ring:pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy.

DEVAULT KB
Dig Dis 14, 323-329, 1996
NAID 30041777475

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「食道X線造影」
関連記事	「ring」

「食道X線造影」

Schatzki ring
	Classification and external resources
	Endoscopic image of Schatzki ring, seen in the esophagus with the gastro-esophageal junction in the background.
ICD-10	K22.2, Q39.3
ICD-9	530.3, 750.3
DiseasesDB	31504
MedlinePlus	000208
eMedicine	med/2069

　　[★]

関: 食道X線検査

アカシジア

バリウムを嚥下して食道の構造や運動を評価する。この目的で行う検査としては第一選択となる。
see HIM.chapter 286

Fig 286-1(HIM)

1. 喉頭麻痺。気道にバリウムが流入している
2. 輪状喉頭アカラシア
3. びまん性食道痙攣
4. アカラシア
5. (筋性/収縮)下部食道輪
6. 強皮症

Fig 286-2(HIM)

1. 癌腫
2. 平滑筋腫
3. 食道潰瘍
4. モニリア性食道炎
5. アルカリ性物質の服用による長い縮窄
6. 消化性狭窄
7. 下部食道粘膜輪(Schatzki ring)

「ring」

　　[★]

n.

環、リング、輪、(心臓の)弁輪

関: annulus、circle、loop、wheel

[Schatzki-1] Schatzki, Richard; J. E. Gary (December 1953). "Dysphagia due to a diaphragm-like localized narrowing in the lower esophagus (lower esophageal ring)". The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy, and nuclear medicine 7) (6): 911–22. PMID 13104726. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[isbn0-7216-0187-1-2] Cotran, Ramzi S.; Kumar, Vinay; Fausto, Nelson; Nelso Fausto; Robbins, Stanley L.; Abbas, Abul K. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disease. St. Louis, Mo: Elsevier Saunders. p. 800. ISBN 0-7216-0187-1.

[urlObstruction:_Esophageal_Disorders:_Merck_Manual_Home_Health_Handbook-3] "Obstruction: Esophageal Disorders: Merck Manual Home Health Handbook".

[4] Stadler, J.; A. H. Hölscher, H. Feussner, J. Dittler and J. R. Siewert (December 1989). "The "steakhouse syndrome". Primary and definitive diagnosis and therapy". Surgical Endoscopy 3 (4): 195–8. doi:10.1007/BF02171545. PMID 2623551. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[5] Pezzullo, john C.; Ann M. Lewicki (September 2003). "Schatzki ring, statistically reexamined". Radiology 228 (3): 609–13. doi:10.1148/radiol.2283021162. PMID 12869689. Retrieved 2006-07-20. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[6] Scolapio, James S.; Tousif M. Pasha, Christopher J. Gostout, Douglas W. Mahoney, Alan R. Zinsmeister, Beverly J. Ott and Keith D. Lindor (July 1999). "A randomized prospective study comparing rigid to balloon dilators for benign esophageal strictures and rings". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 50 (1): 13–7. doi:10.1016/S0016-5107(99)70337-8. PMID 10385715. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[7] KEYTING, WS; BAKER, GM; MCCARVER, RR; DAYWITT, AL (December 1960). "The lower esophagus.". The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy, and nuclear medicine 84: 1070–5. PMID 13752844. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[8] Gawrieh, Samer; Ty Carroll, Walter J. Hogan, Konrad H. Soergel and Reza Shaker (October 2005). "Swallow syncope in association with Schatzki ring and hypertensive esophageal peristalsis: report of three cases and review of the literature". Dysphagia 20 (4): 273–7. doi:10.1007/s00455-005-0024-y. PMID 16633871. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

[9] Mitre, Marcia C.; David A. Katzka, Colleen M. Brensinger, James D. Lewis, Ricardo J. Mitre and Gregory G. Ginsberg (May 2004). "Schatzki ring and Barrett's esophagus: do they occur together?". Digestive Diseases and Sciences 49 (5): 770–3. doi:10.1023/B:DDAS.0000030087.07078.8a. PMID 15259497. Cite uses deprecated parameters (help)

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案内

Schatzki ring