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WordNet
- a harmful or corrupting agency; "bigotry is a virus that must not be allowed to spread"; "the virus of jealousy is latent in everyone"
- (virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein
- a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer; "a true virus cannot spread to another computer without human assistance" (同)computer virus
- a commercial city in northern Japan on western Hokkaido
PrepTutorEJDIC
- ビールス,ろ過性病原体
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/12 20:41:26」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Sapporo virus |
|
| Transmission electron micrograph of Sapporo viruses. |
| Virus classification |
| Group: |
Group IV ((+)ssRNA) |
| Family: |
Caliciviridae |
| Genus: |
Sapovirus |
| Type Species |
|
|
Sapovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Caliciviridae. Humans and swine serve as natural hosts.[1] There is currently only one species in this genus: the type species Sapporo virus.[1][2][3] Together with the Norwalk virus, these are the most common cause of acute viral gastroenteritis in adults.[1][4] Unlike Noroviruses, however, Sapoviruses generally only causes mild gastroenteritis in young children.[5] The type species (and the genus by extension) is named after Sapporo, Japan where the virus was first discovered following an outbreak of gastroenteritis in an orphanage.[6]
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Life Cycle
- 3 Taxonomy
- 4 Animal viruses
- 5 References
- 6 External links
Structure
Viruses in Sapovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 27-40 nm. Genomes are linear and non-segmented, around 8.3kb in length.[1]
| Genus |
Structure |
Symmetry |
Capsid |
Genomic Arrangement |
Genomic Segmentation |
| Sapovirus |
Icosahedral |
T=3 |
Non-Enveloped |
Linear |
Monopartite |
Life Cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by RNA termination-reinitiation. Humans and swine serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are fecal-oral.[1]
| Genus |
Host Details |
Tissue Tropism |
Entry Details |
Release Details |
Replication Site |
Assembly Site |
Transmission |
| Sapovirus |
Humans; swine |
Intestinal epithelium |
Cell receptor endocytosis |
Lysis |
Cytoplasm |
Cytoplasm |
Oral-fecal |
Taxonomy
Group: ssRNA(+)
[3]
Sapovirus are currently classified into seven genogroups (GI to GVII) based on the complete sequence of capsid. GI, GII, GIV and GV are known to infect humans [7]
Animal viruses
Sapoviruses have been identified in bats, California sea lions, dogs, pigs and mink.[8][9]
References
- ^ a b c d e "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ^ Hansman GS, Oka T, Katayama K, Takeda N (2007). "Human sapoviruses: genetic diversity, recombination, and classification". Reviews in Medical Virology 17 (2): 133–41. doi:10.1002/rmv.533. PMID 17340567.
- ^ a b ICTV. "Virus Taxonomy: 2014 Release". Retrieved 15 June 2015.
- ^ Blanton LH, Adams SM, Beard RS et al. (2006). "Molecular and epidemiological trends of caliciviruses associated with outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in the United States, 2000–2004". J Infect Dis 193 (3): 413–21. doi:10.1086/499315. PMID 16388489.
- ^ Moreno-Espinosa S, Farkas T, Jiang X (October 2004). "Human caliciviruses and pediatric gastroenteritis". Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases 15 (4): 237–45. doi:10.1053/j.spid.2004.07.004. PMID 15494947.
- ^ Chiba S, Sakuma Y, Kogasaka R, Akihara M, Terashima H, Horino K, Nakao T (August 1980). "Fecal shedding of virus in relation to the days of illness in infantile gastroenteritis due to calicivirus". The Journal of Infectious Diseases 142 (2): 247–9. doi:10.1093/infdis/142.2.247. PMID 7410899.
- ^ Farkas, T; Zhong, WM; Jing, Y; Huang, PW; Espinosa, SM; Martinez, N; Morrow, AL; Ruiz-Palacios, GM; Pickering, LK; Jiang, X (July 2004). "Genetic diversity among sapoviruses.". Archives of virology 149 (7): 1309–23. doi:10.1007/s00705-004-0296-9. PMID 15221533.
- ^ Meng XJ (January 2012). "Emerging and Re-emerging Swine Viruses". Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 59: 85–102. doi:10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01291.x. PMID 22225855.
- ^ Tse H, Chan WM, Li KS, Lau SK, Woo PC, Yuen KY (2012) Discovery and genomic characterization of a novel bat sapovirus with unusual genomic features and phylogenetic position. PLoS One 7(4):e34987.
External links
- Viralzone: Sapovirus
- ICTV
|
Baltimore (virus classification)
|
|
| DNA |
|
I: dsDNA viruses
|
|
| Caudovirales |
- Myoviridae
- Podoviridae
- Siphoviridae
|
|
| Herpesvirales |
- Alloherpesviridae
- Herpesviridae
- Malacoherpesviridae
|
|
| Ligamenvirales |
- Lipothrixviridae
- Rudiviridae
|
|
| Unassigned |
- NLCDV: Asfarviridae
- Iridoviridae
- Marseilleviridae
- Megaviridae
- Mimiviridae
- Phycodnaviridae
- Poxviridae
- nonenveloped: Adenoviridae
- Papillomaviridae
- Papovaviridae (obsolete)
- Polyomaviridae
- Ampullaviridae
- Ascoviridae
- Baculoviridae
- Bicaudaviridae
- Clavaviridae
- Corticoviridae
- Fuselloviridae
- Globuloviridae
- Guttaviridae
- Hytrosaviridae
- Nimaviridae
- Nudivirus
- Plasmaviridae
- Tectiviridae
- Turriviridae
|
|
|
|
|
II: ssDNA viruses
|
|
- Anelloviridae
- Bacillariodnaviridae
- Circoviridae
- Geminiviridae
- Inoviridae
- Microviridae
- Nanoviridae
- Parvoviridae
- Spiraviridae
|
|
|
|
| RNA |
|
III: dsRNA viruses
|
|
- Amalgaviridae
- Birnaviridae
- Chrysoviridae
- Cystoviridae
- Hypoviridae
- Partitiviridae
- Reoviridae
- Totiviridae
|
|
|
|
IV: (+)ssRNA viruses (primarily icosahedral)
|
|
| Nidovirales |
- Arterivirus
- Coronaviridae
- Roniviridae
|
|
| Picornavirales |
- Dicistroviridae
- Iflaviridae
- Marnaviridae
- Picornaviridae
- Secoviridae
|
|
| Tymovirales |
- Alphaflexiviridae
- Betaflexiviridae
- Gammaflexiviridae
- Tymoviridae
|
|
| Unassigned |
- Astroviridae
- Barnaviridae
- Benyviridae
- Bromoviridae
- Caliciviridae
- Closteroviridae
- Comoviridae
- Flaviviridae
- Flexiviridae
- Leviviridae
- Luteoviridae
- Narnaviridae
- Nodaviridae
- Potyviridae
- Sequiviridae
- Tetraviridae
- Togaviridae
- Tombusviridae
|
|
|
|
|
V: (-)ssRNA viruses (primarily helical)
|
|
| Mononegavirales |
- Bornavirus
- Filoviridae
- Nyamiviridae
- Paramyxoviridae
- Rhabdoviridae
|
|
| Unassigned |
- Arenaviridae
- Bunyaviridae
- Orthomyxoviridae
|
|
|
|
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| RT |
|
VI: ssRNA-RT viruses
|
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- Metaviridae
- Pseudoviridae
- Retroviridae
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|
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VII: dsDNA-RT viruses
|
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- Caulimoviridae
- Hepadnaviridae
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Index of viral disease
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| Description |
|
|
| Disease |
- Systemic
- Cutaneous
- Zoster
- Human papillomavirus
- Zoonotic
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
| Treatment |
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Detection and molecular characterization of enteric viruses in children with acute gastroenteritis in Northern Italy.
- Biscaro V1, Piccinelli G1, Gargiulo F1, Ianiro G2, Caruso A1, Caccuri F1, De Francesco MA3.
- Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases.Infect Genet Evol.2018 Jun;60:35-41. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.02.011. Epub 2018 Feb 10.
- PMID 29438743
- A review on recent progress in the detection methods and prevalence of human enteric viruses in water.
- Haramoto E1, Kitajima M2, Hata A3, Torrey JR4, Masago Y5, Sano D6, Katayama H7.
- Water research.Water Res.2018 May 15;135:168-186. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.004. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
- PMID 29471200
- Evaluation of a New Multiplex Real-Time PCR Assay for Detecting Gastroenteritis-Causing Viruses in Stool Samples.
- Hyun J1, Ko DH1, Lee SK1, Kim HS1, Kim JS1, Song W1, Kim HS2.
- Annals of laboratory medicine.Ann Lab Med.2018 May;38(3):220-225. doi: 10.3343/alm.2018.38.3.220.
- PMID 29401556
Japanese Journal
- Immune exhaustion during chronic infections in cattle
- Epizootiological study of rodent-borne hepatitis E virus HEV-C1 in small mammals in Hanoi, Vietnam
Related Links
- Sapporo virus is the type species of “Sapporo-like virus.” It was first recognized in an outbreak of acute gastroenteritis that occurred in an orphanage in Sapporo, Japan. Other Sapporo-like viruses include Manchester ...
- Abstract Morphologically distinct caliciviruses of human origin were first found in stools of children with gastroenteritis in 1976. Sapporo virus, or human calicivirus Sapporo, with typical surface morphology was first ...
Related Pictures
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- Sapporo virus、Sapporo-like virus
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