サルモネラ菌

関: Salmonella、Salmonella enterica、salmonellae

WordNet

the 19th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)s
of or relating to the enteron (同)enteral

PrepTutorEJDIC

sulfurの化学記号 / {略}South[ern]

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/06/16 23:36:08」(JST)

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Salmonella enterica (formerly Salmonella choleraesuis) is a rod-shaped flagellated, facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative bacterium, and a member of the genus Salmonella.^[1]

Epidemiology

Main article: Salmonellosis

Most cases of salmonellosis are caused by food infected with S. enterica, which often infects cattle and poultry, though also other animals such as domestic cats^{[citation needed]} and hamsters^[2] have also been shown to be sources of infection to humans. However, investigations of vacuum cleaner bags have shown that households can act as a reservoir of the bacterium; this is more likely if the household has contact with an infection source, for example members working with cattle or in a veterinary clinic.

Raw chicken eggs and goose eggs can harbor S. enterica, initially in the egg whites, although most eggs are not infected. As the egg ages at room temperature, the yolk membrane begins to break down and S. enterica can spread into the yolk. Refrigeration and freezing do not kill all the bacteria, but substantially slow or halt their growth. Pasteurizing and food irradiation are used to kill Salmonella for commercially-produced foodstuffs containing raw eggs such as ice cream. Foods prepared in the home from raw eggs such as mayonnaise, cakes, and cookies can spread salmonella if not properly cooked before consumption.

Pathogenesis

Secreted proteins are of major importance for the pathogenesis of infectious diseases caused by Salmonella enterica. A remarkable large number of fimbrial and non-fimbrial adhesins are present in Salmonella, and mediate biofilm formation and contact to host cells. Secreted proteins are also involved in host cell invasion and intracellular proliferation, two hallmarks of Salmonella pathogenesis.^[3]

Nomenclature

Salmonella enterica has 6 subspecies, and each subspecies has associated serovars that differ by antigenic specificity.^[4] There are over 2500 serovars for S. enterica.^[5] Salmonella bongori used to be considered a subspecies of S. enterica, but it is now the other species in the Salmonella genus. Most of the human pathogenic Salmonella serovars belong to the S. enterica enterica subspecies. These serogroups include Salmonella Typhi, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Paratyphi, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Choleraesuis. The serovars can be designated as written in the previous sentence (capitalized and non-italicized following the genus), or as follows: "Salmonella enterica enterica, serovar Typhi."

References

^ Giannella RA (1996). Salmonella. In: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 0-9631172-1-1. (via NCBI Bookshelf).
^ Swanson SJ, Snider C, Braden CR, et al. (2007). "Multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium associated with pet rodents". New England Journal of Medicine 356 (1): 21–28. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa060465. PMID 17202452. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/1/21.
^ Hensel M (2009). "Secreted Proteins and Virulence in Salmonella enterica". Bacterial Secreted Proteins: Secretory Mechanisms and Role in Pathogenesis. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-42-4.
^ http://www.textbookofbacteriology.net/salmonella.html
^ Medical Microbiology (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier. 2009. p. 307.

External links

Wikispecies has information related to: Salmonella enterica

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Salmonella

Notes on Salmonella nomenclature
Salmonella+enterica at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
Current research on Salmonella typhimurium at the Norwich Research Park

UpToDate Contents

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1. 免疫不全宿主のための旅行アドバイス travel advice for immunocompromised hosts
2. 非チフス性サルモネラ菌血症 nontyphoidal salmonella bacteremia
3. 旅行者のための予防接種 immunizations for travel
4. 腸チフスの疫学、微生物学、臨床症状、および診断 epidemiology microbiology clinical manifestations and diagnosis of typhoid fever
5. サルモネラ症の微生物学および疫学 microbiology and epidemiology of salmonellosis

English Journal

Development and evaluation of gamma irradiated toxoid vaccine of Salmonella enterica var Typhimurium.

Begum RH, Rahman H, Ahmed G.SourceDept. of Life Sciences, Assam University, Diphu Campus, India.
Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2011 Nov 21;153(1-2):191-7. Epub 2011 Jun 25.
Development of a single effective vaccine against non-typhoidal salmonellosis is very challenging due to the presence of hundreds of serovars of Salmonella which are antigenically different from each other. The Salmonella enterotoxin (Stn), a common virulence factor occurring amongst a wide range of
PMID 21763085

Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Human Salmonella enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- Isolates in Slovakia.

Majtan V, Majtanova L, Majtan J.SourceDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 14, 833 03, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Current microbiology.Curr Microbiol.2011 Nov;63(5):491-5. Epub 2011 Sep 10.
Forty-three epidemiologically unrelated emerging Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- strains isolated during the period 2009-2010 in Slovakia were characterized by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Thirty-one isolates (72.1%) expressed resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, sul
PMID 21909783

Japanese Journal

Bactericidal Activity of Mouse α-Defensin, Cryptdin-4 Predominantly Affects Noncommensal Bacteria

Masuda Koji,Sakai Naoki,Nakamura Kiminori,Yoshioka Sawako,Ayabe Tokiyoshi
Journal of Innate Immunity 3(3), 315-326, 2011-04
… Oxidized Crp4 and r-Crp4 elicited equivalently potent bactericidal activities against 11 of 11 non-commensal bacteria tested such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, and 5 of 12 commensal bacteria. …
NAID 120002989233

Outbreak of Salmonella Braenderup Infection Originating in Boxed Lunches in Japan in 2008

Mizoguchi Yoshinori,Suzuki Etsuji,Tsuchida Hiroaki,Tsuda Toshihide,Yamamoto Eiji,Nakase Katsumi,Doi Hiroyuki
Acta Medica Okayama 65(2), 63-69, 2011-04
… There have been only 2 reports of a large-scale foodborne outbreak arising from Salmonella enterica serotype Braenderup infection worldwide. …
NAID 120002970762

Related Pictures

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関連記事	「S」「enteric」

「S」

Salmonella enterica
	S. enterica Typhimurium colonies on a Hektoen enteric agar plate
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Eubacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Order:	Enterobacteriales
Family:	Enterobacteriaceae
Genus:	Salmonella
Species:	S. enterica
Binomial name
	Salmonella enterica; (ex Kauffmann & Edwards 1952); Le Minor & Popoff 1987
Subspecies
	Salmonella enterica enterica; Salmonella enterica salamae; Salmonella enterica arizonae; Salmonella enterica diarizonae; Salmonella enterica houtenae; Salmonella enterica indica

　　[★]

「enteric」

　　[★]

adj.

腸の。腸溶性の

同: enteral

[Baron-0] Giannella RA (1996). Salmonella. In: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. ISBN 0-9631172-1-1. (via NCBI Bookshelf).

[1] Swanson SJ, Snider C, Braden CR, et al. (2007). "Multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium associated with pet rodents". New England Journal of Medicine 356 (1): 21–28. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa060465. PMID 17202452. http://content.nejm.org/cgi/content/short/356/1/21.

[Hense-2] Hensel M (2009). "Secreted Proteins and Virulence in Salmonella enterica". Bacterial Secreted Proteins: Secretory Mechanisms and Role in Pathogenesis. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-904455-42-4.

[3] ttp://www.textbookofbacteriology.net/salmonella.html

[4] Medical Microbiology (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier. 2009. p. 307.

匿名

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案内

案内

S. enterica