Placidyl

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/30 16:17:27」(JST)

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Ethchlorvynol

Systematic (IUPAC) name
1-chloro-3-ethylpent-1-en-4-yn-3-ol
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Legal status	Schedule IV
Routes	Oral
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	35–50%
Identifiers
CAS number	113-18-8 Y
ATC code	N05CM08
PubChem	CID 5281077
DrugBank	DB00189
ChemSpider	4444534 Y
UNII	6EIM3851UZ Y
KEGG	D00704 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL591 Y
Chemical data
Formula	C7H9ClO
Mol. mass	144.598 g/mol
SMILES Cl[C@H]=CC(C#C)(O)CC
InChI InChI=1S/C7H9ClO/c1-3-7(9,4-2)5-6-8/h1,5-6,9H,4H2,2H3/b6-5+ Y Key:ZEHYJZXQEQOSON-AATRIKPKSA-N Y
N (what is this?)  (verify)

Ethchlorvynol/ˌɛθklɒrˈvaɪnɒl/ is a sedative and hypnotic medication developed by Pfizer in the 1950s. In the United States Abbott Laboratories used to sell it under the tradename Placidyl. During their heyday, they were known on the street as "jelly-bellies" or "pickles", reflecting their appearance. Since Abbott and Banner Pharmacaps, which manufactured the generic version, discontinued production in 1999, ethchlorvynol has no longer been available in the United States.

Use and effects

Ethchlorvynol has been used to treat insomnia, but has been largely superseded and was only offered where an intolerance or allergy to other drugs exists. It is no longer prescribed in the United States due to unavailability, but it is still available in some countries and would still be considered legal to possess and use with a valid prescription.

Along with expected sedative effects of relaxation and drowsiness, ethchlorvynol can cause skin rashes, faintness, restlessness and euphoria. Early adjustment side effects can include nausea and vomiting, numbness, blurred vision, stomach pains and temporary dizziness. An overdose is marked by confusion, fever, peripheral numbness and weakness, reduced coordination and muscle control, slurred speech, reduced heartbeat, respiratory depression, and in extreme overdoses, coma and death.

It is addictive and after prolonged use can cause withdrawal symptoms including convulsions, hallucinations, and amnesia. Due to these problems, it is unusual for ethchlorvynol to be prescribed for periods exceeding seven days. During the late 1970s, ethchlorvynol was sometimes over-prescribed causing a minor epidemic of persons who quickly became addicted to this powerful drug. Occasional deaths would occur when addicted persons would try to inject the drug directly into a vein or an artery. Ethchlorvynol is not compatible with intravenous injection and serious injury (including the loss of limbs due to vascular injury) or death can occur when it is used in this manner.

Chemistry

Ethchlorvynol is a member of the class of sedative-hypnotic carbinols, which includes methylparafynol and tert-amyl alcohol. It is not a barbituric acid derivative. The systematic name of ethchlorvynol is usually given as ethyl 2-chlorovinyl ethynyl carbinol or 1-chloro-3-ethylpent-1-en-4-yn-3-ol. Its empirical formula is C₇H₉ClO.

Ethchlorvynol is synthesized by the reaction of lithium acetylide with 1-chloro-1-penten-3-one in liquid ammonia, followed by acidic work-up.

References

• Electronic Orange Book: Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations Food and Drug Administration. Accessed 12 December 2005 (UTC)

English Journal

• An unusual trichloroethanol fatality attributed to sniffing trichloroethylene.

• Jones GR1, Singer PP.
• Journal of analytical toxicology.J Anal Toxicol.2008 Mar;32(2):183-6.
• We report the death of a 28-year-old man due to sniffing a contact cement containing trichloroethylene. Initial testing revealed the presence of 80 mg/L trichloroethanol in cardiac blood, and the death was ruled as being due to trichloroethanol toxicity resulting from chloral hydrate ingestion. Howe
• PMID 18334104

• Drug-induced pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

• Lee-Chiong T Jr1, Matthay RA.
• Clinics in chest medicine.Clin Chest Med.2004 Mar;25(1):95-104.
• Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, and, to a lesser extent, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are common clinical manifestations of drug-induced lung diseases. Clinical features and radiographic appearances are generally indistinguishable from other causes of pulmonary edema and ARDS. Typical
• PMID 15062601

Japanese Journal

• AB-1404(Placidyl)による脳波睡眠賦活

• 福島 裕 [他]
• 精神医学 9(1), 53-57, 1967-01
• NAID 40017964593

• 非バルビツール系催眠鎮静剤Placidylの使用経験

• 山形 敞一 [他]
• 診療 19(12), 1695-1697, 1966-12
• NAID 40017933516

Related Links

• Placidyl - definition of Placidyl by The Free Dictionary

Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend: Noun 1. Placidyl - a mild sedative-hypnotic drug (trade name Placidyl) ethchlorvynol sedative-hypnotic, sedative-hypnotic drug - a sedative that depresses activity of the central ...

• Placidyl oral : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures ...

Find patient medical information for Placidyl oral on WebMD including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. ... Selected from data included with permission and copyrighted by First ...

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