血小板内皮細胞接着分子-1、血小板内皮細胞接着分子1

同: CD31
関: CD31 antigen、platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1、platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/22 02:11:03」(JST)

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Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1) also known as cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PECAM1 gene found on chromosome 17.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] PECAM-1 plays a key role in removing aged neutrophils from the body.

Function

PECAM-1 is found on the surface of platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, and some types of T-cells, and makes up a large portion of endothelial cell intercellular junctions. The encoded protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is likely involved in leukocyte transmigration, angiogenesis, and integrin activation.^[1]

Tissue distribution

CD31 is normally found on endothelial cells, platelets, macrophages and Kupffer cells, granulocytes, T / NK cells, lymphocytes, megakaryocytes, osteoclasts, neutrophils.

CD31 is also expressed in certain tumors, including epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, epithelioid sarcoma-like hemangioendothelioma, other vascular tumors, histiocytic malignancies, and plasmacytomas. It is rarely found in some sarcomas, such as Kaposi's sarcoma,^[5]^[6] and carcinomas.

Immunohistochemistry

Micrograph of an angiosarcoma stained with a CD31 immunostain.

In immunohistochemistry, CD31 is used primarily to demonstrate the presence of endothelial cells in histological tissue sections. This can help to evaluate the degree of tumour angiogenesis, which can imply a rapidly growing tumour. Malignant endothelial cells also commonly retain the antigen, so that CD31 immunohistochemistry can also be used to demonstrate both angiomas and angiosarcomas. It can also be demonstrated in small lymphocytic and lymphoblastic lymphomas, although more specific markers are available for these conditions.^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule".
^ Newman PJ, Berndt MC, Gorski J, White GC, Lyman S, Paddock C, Muller WA (March 1990). "PECAM-1 (CD31) cloning and relation to adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily". Science 247 (4947): 1219–22. doi:10.1126/science.1690453. PMID 1690453.
^ Gumina RJ, Kirschbaum NE, Rao PN, vanTuinen P, Newman PJ (June 1996). "The human PECAM1 gene maps to 17q23". Genomics 34 (2): 229–32. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0272. PMID 8661055.
^ Xie Y, Muller WA (October 1996). "Fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of the mouse platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM1) to mouse chromosome 6, region F3-G1". Genomics 37 (2): 226–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0546. PMID 8921400.
^ Ganjei-Azar, Parvin (2007). Color Atlas of Immunocytochemistry in Diagnostic Cytology. [New York]: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. p. 47. ISBN 978-0387-32121-9.
^ Paolo Gattuso, ed. (2010). Differential diagnosis in surgical pathology (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-4160-4580-9.
^ Leong, Anthony S-Y; Cooper, Kumarason; Leong, F Joel W-M (2003). Manual of Diagnostic Cytology (2 ed.). Greenwich Medical Media, Ltd. p. 103. ISBN 1-84110-100-1.

External links

Mouse CD Antigen Chart
Human CD Antigen Chart

UpToDate Contents

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1. 薬剤性血小板減少症 drug induced thrombocytopenia
2. 炎症の病因における白血球内皮細胞接着 leukocyte endothelial adhesion in the pathogenesis of inflammation
3. 鎌状細胞貧血における臨床的ばらつき clinical variability in sickle cell anemia
4. 肥満細胞：表面受容体とシグナル伝達 mast cells surface receptors and signal transduction
5. リウマチ結節 rheumatoid nodules

English Journal

Shear stress magnitude is critical in regulating the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells even with endothelial growth medium.

Kim DH, Heo SJ, Kim SH, Shin JW, Park SH, Shin JW.SourceDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Rm #309, BLDG-A, 607 Obang-Dong, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 621-749, Republic of Korea.
Biotechnology letters.Biotechnol Lett.2011 Dec;33(12):2351-9. Epub 2011 Jul 31.
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were seeded onto the inner surface of a tubular silicon construct and, after 24 h, were exposed to a shearing stress of either 2.5 or 10 dyne/cm(2) for 1 day. The fluid contained endothelial growth factors in both cases. Morphological changes and cytoskeletal rea
PMID 21805363

Treatment with imatinib results in reduced IL-4-producing T cells, but increased CD4(+) T cells in the broncho-alveolar lavage of patients with systemic sclerosis.

Divekar AA, Khanna D, Abtin F, Maranian P, Saggar R, Saggar R, Furst DE, Singh RR.SourceDivision of Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.).Clin Immunol.2011 Dec;141(3):293-303. Epub 2011 Sep 5.
T cells, particularly those producing IL-4, are implicated in inflammation-mediated fibrosis. In our phase I/IIa open-label pilot study in 15 patients with scleroderma-interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD), high-dose imatinib treatment showed modest improvement in lung function and skin score, but wit
PMID 22015344

Japanese Journal

Live-cell visualization of the trans-cellular mode of monocyte transmigration across the vascular endothelium, and its relationship with endothelial PECAM-1

HASHIMOTO Ken,KATAOKA Noriyuki,NAKAMURA Emi,HAGIHARA Kimiko,OKAMOTO Takeaki,KANOUCHI Hiroaki,MOHRI Satoshi,TSUJIOKA Katsuhiko,KAJIYA Fumihiko
The journal of physiological sciences : JPS 62(1), 63-69, 2012-01-01
NAID 10030351477

B-box and SPRY Domain Containing Protein (BSPRY) is Associated with the Maintenance of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency and Early Embryonic Development

IKEDA Mitsumi,INOUE Fukashi,OHKOSHI Katsuhiro,YOKOYAMA Shuichi,TATEMIZO Atsuhiro,TOKUNAGA Tomoyuki,FURUSAWA Tadashi
Journal of Reproduction and Development 58(6), 691-699, 2012
… We previously demonstrated that the expression level of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM1)/CD31 was positively correlated with the undifferentiated state of mouse ES cells. … In order to screen for a novel gene(s) involved in ES cell pluripotency, we performed an oligo microarray analysis and identified that B-box and SPRY domain containing protein (BSPRY) was expressed at high levels in PECAM1-positive cells. …
NAID 130001854931

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「白血球」「血小板内皮細胞接着分子-1」「platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1」「CD31 antigen」
関連記事	「PEC」

「白血球」

Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2KY5
Identifiers
Symbols	PECAM1 ; CD31; CD31/EndoCAM; GPIIA'; PECA1; PECAM-1; endoCAM
External IDs	OMIM: 173445 MGI: 97537 HomoloGene: 47925 GeneCards: PECAM1 Gene
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• protein binding;
Cellular component	• extracellular space; • plasma membrane; • integral component of membrane; • cell junction; • platelet alpha granule membrane; • extracellular exosome;
Biological process	• platelet degranulation; • phagocytosis; • cell adhesion; • signal transduction; • blood coagulation; • cell recognition; • platelet activation; • extracellular matrix organization; • leukocyte migration; • diapedesis; • glomerular endothelium development;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
	v; t; e;

　　[★]

英: leukocyte, leucocyte (Z), white blood cell (Z), WBC, white corpuscle, white cell
関: 赤血球、血球、血液

白血球

顆粒球

基準値

4000-9000 (/μl)　(2007前期解剖学授業プリント)

異常値の出るメカニズム第5版

5000- 8400 (/μl) (健常者の2/3)
4500-11000 (/μl) (95%範囲)

年齢との関連

新生児期>幼児期>成人期(20歳までに成人値)
妊婦でも増加(妊娠#妊娠による変化)

生理的な変動

精神的ストレス↑　　→　交感神経の刺激により好中球の血管壁遊離が促進されるため
午前↓、午後↑

基準値

			07解	異メ	流マ		HIM.A-1
顆粒球	好中球	桿状核球	40～70	44～66	40～60	4～14	0～5
		分葉核球				43～59	40～70
	好酸球		2～4	0～ 4	2～4		0～6
	好塩基球		0～2	0～0.5	0～2		0～2
無顆粒球	リンパ球		25～40	30～38	26～40		20～50
	単球		3～6	0～ 5	3～6		4～8

07解: 2007前期解剖学授業プリント
異メ: 異常値の出るメカニズム第5版 p.91
流マ: 流れが分かる実践検査マニュアル上巻 p.10

血管外滲出 extravasation (SMB.37 BPT.37)

(margination)

1. 赤血球は軽く早く流れるので血管の中央をながれ、白血球は血管のへりを流れている

(rolling)

2. IL-1, TNFで血管内皮細胞が活性化し、血管内腔にE-selectinを発現する
3. P-selectinはヒスタミンやトロンビンの働きにより、血管内腔に発現する
4. 白血球と血管内皮細胞の接着分子で接着することで、白血球がrollingを始める
3. 次第にselectinによる接着はdown regulateされる

(adheresion & arrested)

4. 炎症部位から出されたケモカインが血管内皮細胞の表面ののペプチドグリカンに結合し、白血球に提示される
5. 白血球表面のインテグリンが活性化し、血管内皮細胞のICAM-1, VCAM-1と強く結合する

(transmigration)

6. 白血球と血管内皮細胞に発現しているPECAM-1(CD31)がお互い接着し、白血球が血管内皮細胞の間隙を通って細胞外マトリックスに入る

血管内皮細胞		白血球
Rolling
E-selectin	－	糖鎖(SLe^x)
P-selectin	－	糖鎖
糖鎖(GlyCAM-1)(=CD34)	－	L-selectin
Adhestion
ICAM-1	－	LFA-1 integlin(CD11a/CD18), Mac-1 integlin(CD11b/CD18)
VCAM-1	－	VLA-1 integlin
transmigration
PECAM-1(CD31)	－	PECAM-1(CD31)