WordNet

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning
caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology; "diseased tonsils"; "a morbid growth"; "pathologic tissue"; "pathological bodily processes" (同)morbid, pathologic, pathological

PrepTutorEJDIC

(体の)『病気』,疾患 / (精神・道徳などの)病気,病弊
女性の話術芸人 =diseur
病気にかかった / 病的な,不健全な(morbid)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/13 19:39:56」(JST)

wiki en

Köhler disease (also spelled "Kohler") is a rare bone disorder of the foot found in children between six and nine years of age. The disease typically affects boys, but it can also affect girls. It was first described in 1908 by Alban Köhler (1874–1947), a German radiologist.^[1]^[2]

It is caused when the navicular bone temporarily loses its blood supply. As a result, tissue in the bone dies and the bone collapses. When treated, it causes no long term problems in most cases although rarely can return in adults. As the navicular bone gets back to normal, symptoms typically abate.

In February 2010 the Journal of the American Medical Association reported that the 19-year-old king Tutankhamun may well have died of complications from malaria combined with Köhler disease II.^[3]

Symptoms

Sufferers experience pain and swelling in the middle part of the foot and usually limp as a result. Patients that walk with a limp tend to walk with increased weight on the lateral side of the foot. Also, there can be tenderness over the navicular. Patients often complain of pain over the apex. An X-ray of both feet is used to diagnose disease. The affected foot tends to have a sclerotic and flattened navicular bone.

Treatment

Treatment usually involves resting the affected foot, taking pain relievers and trying to avoid putting pressure on the foot. In acute cases, the patient is often fitted with a cast that stops below the knee. The cast is usually worn for 6 to 8 weeks. After the cast is taken off, some patients are prescribed arch support for about 6 months. Also, moderate exercise is often beneficial, and physical therapy may help as well.

Prognosis for children with this disease is very good. It may persist for some time, but most cases are resolved within two years of the initial diagnosis.

References

^ Köhler A (1908). "Über eine häufige, bisher anscheinend unbekannte Erkrankung einzelner kindlicher Knochen". Münchener medizinische Wochenschrift 55: 1923–5.
^ synd/2676 at Who Named It?
^ Roberts, Michelle (16 February 2010). "'Malaria and weak bones' may have killed Tutankhamun". BBC News.

Although in most cases no permanent damage is done, some will have damage to the foot. Also, later in life, Kohler's disease can spread to hips.

External links

Mayo Clinic
PedRad
WebMD
DrFoot
"Kohler disease". Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD). National Institutes of Health, The Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR).

This article about a disease of musculoskeletal and connective tissue is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 小児における跛行の原因に関する概要 overview of the causes of limp in children
2. 小児における足骨折（中足骨または指節骨を除く） foot fractures other than metatarsal or phalangeal in children
3. マルファン症候群および関連疾患の遺伝学、臨床的特徴、および診断 genetics clinical features and diagnosis of marfan syndrome and related disorders
4. 跛行を呈する小児に対するアプローチ approach to the child with a limp

English Journal

Screening for overt diabetes by oral glucose tolerance test: Stratification by fasting blood glucose and patients' age improve practicability of guidelines in cardiological routine.

Kempf K, Futh R, Dinh W, Bansemir L, Kohler T, Bufe A, Scheffold T, Standl E, Martin S, Lankisch M.SourceWest-German Centre of Diabetes and Health, Sana Hospital Gerresheim, Sana Clinics Dusseldorf GmbH, Dusseldorf, Germany.
International journal of cardiology.Int J Cardiol.2011 Jul 15;150(2):201-5. Epub 2010 Jun 12.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Guidelines recommend screening all patients with cardiovascular disease by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Due to its time-consuming protocol, costs and overall inconvenience performance of OGTT is limited in cardiological routine. Thus, we aimed to identify easily availab
PMID 20542339