Hodgkin cycle

ホジキンサイクル

WordNet

1. pass through a cycle; "This machine automatically cycles"
2. an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs; "the never-ending cycle of the seasons" (同)rhythm, round
3. recur in repeating sequences
4. a single complete execution of a periodically repeated phenomenon; "a year constitutes a cycle of the seasons" (同)oscillation
5. a periodically repeated sequence of events; "a cycle of reprisal and retaliation"
6. a series of poems or songs on the same theme; "Schuberts song cycles"
7. cause to go through a recurring sequence; "cycle the laundry in this washing program"
8. English physiologist who, with Andrew Huxley, discovered the role of potassium and sodium atoms in the transmission of the nerve impulse (1914-1998) (同)Alan Hodgkin, Sir Alan Hodgkin, Alan Lloyd Hodgkin
9. English chemist (born in Egypt) who used crystallography to study the structure of organic compounds (1910-1994) (同)Dorothy Hodgkin, Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin
10. English physician who first described Hodgkins disease (1798-1866) (同)Thomas Hodgkin
11. the sport of traveling on a bicycle or motorcycle

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 『周期』,循環期;一巡り / 周波,サイクル / (英雄・伝説などを扱った)一連の詩(物語) / 『自転車』;三輪車;オートバイ / 自転車に乗る / 循環する,反復する
2. 自転車に乗ること,サイクリング

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/08 20:51:19」(JST)

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In membrane biology, the Hodgkin cycle is a key component of membrane physiology, identified by British physiologist and biophysicist Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, which describes bioelectrical impulses.

The Hodgkin cycle represents a positive feedback loop in which an initial membrane depolarization leads to uncontrolled deflection of the membrane potential to near V_Na. The initial depolarization must reach or surpass threshold in order to activate voltage-gated Na⁺ channels. Opening of Na⁺ channels allows Na⁺ inflow, which, in turn, further depolarizes the membrane. Additional depolarization activates additional Na⁺ channels. This cycle leads to a very rapid rise in Na⁺ conductance (g_Na), which moves the membrane potential close to V_Na. The cycle is broken when the membrane potential reaches to the sodium equilibrium potential and potassium channels open to re-polarize the membrane potential. This positive feedback loop means that the closer these voltage-gated Na⁺ channels are to each other, the lower the threshold of activation.

It is important to understand membrane physiology in order to understand how cells communicate with one another. Signalling between cells, such as neurons for example, revolves around changes in the electrical potentials across their membranes. In a healthy cell at rest, the intracellular area is usually negatively charged relative to the extracellular region. Depolarization refers to when the intracellular region becomes less negatively charged relative to the extracellular region. The concentration of sodium ions is intimately related to the electrical potential across a membrane. Depolarization often occurs via the influx of sodium ions to the intracellular region. Given sodium ions have a positive charge, the intracellular region becomes less negatively charged relative to the extracellular region.

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• 1. 成人における古典型ホジキンリンパ腫の治療の概要 overview of the treatment of classical hodgkin lymphoma in adults
• 2. 予後良好早期（ステージI～II）の古典型ホジキンリンパ腫の治療 treatment of favorable prognosis early stage i ii classical hodgkin lymphoma
• 3. 小児および思春期におけるホジキンリンパ腫の概要 overview of hodgkin lymphoma in children and adolescents
• 4. 予後不良早期（ステージI～II）の古典型ホジキンリンパ腫の治療 treatment of unfavorable prognosis early stage i ii classical hodgkin lymphoma
• 5. 成人の古典的ホジキンリンパ腫生存者に対するアプローチの概要 overview of the approach to the adult survivor of classical hodgkin lymphoma

English Journal

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• PF-04691502, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor has potent pre-clinical activity by inducing apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest in aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

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• PMID 26549638

• Prognostic relevance of DHAP dose-density in relapsed Hodgkin lymphoma: an analysis of the German Hodgkin-Study Group.

• Sasse S1, Alram M1, Müller H1, Smardová L2, Metzner B3, Doehner H4, Fischer T5, Niederwieser DW6, Schmitz N7, Schäfer-Eckart K8, Raemaekers JM9, Schmalz O10, Tresckow BV1, Engert A1, Borchmann P1.
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Japanese Journal

• Lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin Lymphoma Complicating Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis as an Initial Manifestation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

• Hagihara Masao,Inoue Morihiro,Hua Jian,Iwaki Yasunobu
• Internal Medicine 51(21), 3067-3072, 2012
• … however that with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) was rarely reported. … In spite of the achievement of a partial remission treated with one cycle of ABVd, he relapsed after 3 cycles. …
• NAID 130002061963

• A modified version of galectin-9 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of Burkitt and Hodgkin lymphoma cells

• Makishi Shoko,Okudaira Takeo,Ishikawa Chie,Sawada Shigeki,Watanabe Toshiki,Hirashima Mitsuomi,Sunakawa Hajime,Mori Naoki
• British journal of haematology 142(4), 583-594, 2008-05-00
• … We found that protease-resistant galectin-9, hG9NC(null), but not galectin-1 or -8, prevented cell growth of malignant B cells such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). … hG9NC(null) induced cell cycle arrest by reducing the expression of cyclin D1, D2, B1, Cdk4, Cdc25C and c-Myc, and apoptosis by reducing the expression of XIAP, c-IAP2 and survivin. …
• NAID 120001374975

• 4次元初期値空間でのHodgkin-Huxley neuronのリミットサイクル振動のbasinの形

• 諸屋 博,田中 ダン,平田 隆幸
• 福井大学大学院工学研究科研究報告 55, 35-43, 2007-03-30
• … The structure of the basin of limit cycle of Hodgkin-Huxley model was investigated by carrying out the numerical simulations. … As the Hodgkin-Huxley model has four variables, the basin of limit cycle of Hodgkin-Huxley model has 4-D structure. … The external input current to the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron was important factor for repeated firing, i.e., the limit cycle solution. …
• NAID 110006407772

Related Links

• Hodgkin cycle

Hodg·kin cycle (hojґkin) [Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, British physiologist and Nobel prize winner, 1914–1998] see under cycle ... Action potential — In physiology, an action potential is a short lasting event in which the electrical membrane ...

• The Hodgkin cycle - PhysiologyWeb - Physiology on the Web

This figure emphasizes the positive feedback nature of the Hodkin cycle. ... Physiology Web Home | FAQ | About | Contact Physiology? Calculators Home > Lecture Notes > Physiology of the Nervous System > Physiology of ...

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リンク元	「ホジキンサイクル」
関連記事	「cycle」「cycling」

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英

Hodgkin cycle

同

ホジキン膜

• 閾値を超えた脱分極はNa+透過性PNaを増加するが、これによって流入するNaイオンは膜をさらに脱分極し、Na+透過性をさらに増加する。(SP.59)

「cycle」

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• サイクル、周期、回路

関

circuit

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「cycling」

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