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publisher of the first newspaper printed in America (1673-1713) (同)Benjamin Harris
British marshal of the Royal Air Force; during World War II he directed mass bombing raids against German cities that resulted in heavy civilian casualties (1892-1984) (同)Bomber Harris, Sir Arthur Travers Harris
Irish writer noted for his sexually explicit but unreliable autobiography (1856-1931) (同)Frank Harris, James Thomas Harris
United States author who wrote the stories about Uncle Remus (1848-1908) (同)Joel Harris, Joel Chandler Harris
United States diplomat who was instrumental in opening Japan to foreign trade (1804-1878) (同)Townsend Harris
United States linguist (born in Ukraine) who developed mathematical linguistics and interpreted speech and writing in a social context (1909-1992) (同)Zellig Harris, Zellig Sabbatai Harris
the act of regarding as equal (同)equating
a mathematical statement that two expressions are equal
United States anthropologist (1887-1948) (同)Ruth Benedict, Ruth Fulton
Italian monk who founded the Benedictine order about 540 (480-547) (同)Saint Benedict, St. Benedict

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等式; 方程式
(特に)長い間独身でいた新婚の男子

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/01/22 04:09:23」(JST)

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The Harris-Benedict equation (also called the Harris-Benedict principle) is a method used to estimate an individual's basal metabolic rate (BMR) and daily calorie requirements. The estimated BMR value is multiplied by a number that corresponds to the individuals's activity level. The resulting number is the recommended daily calorie intake to maintain current body weight. The equation assumes a normal body composition, with an average ratio of muscle mass to fat mass, so it may be inaccurate for individuals who are very muscular (the formula underestimates true requirements) or for individuals who are very fat (the equation overestimates true requirements).

The Harris-Benedict equation may be used to assist weight loss — by reducing the calorie intake to a number below the estimated maintenance intake of the equation.

Step 1 – calculating the BMR

The original Harris-Benedict equations published in 1918 and 1919.^[1]^[2]

Men	BMR = 66.4730 + (13.7516 x weight in kg) + (5.0033 x height in cm) – (6.7550 x age in years)
Women	BMR = 655.0955 + (9.5634 x weight in kg) + (1.8496 x height in cm) – (4.6756 x age in years)

§

The Harris-Benedict equations revised by Roza and Shizgal in 1984.^[3]

Men	BMR = 88.362 + (13.397 x weight in kg) + (4.799 x height in cm) - (5.677 x age in years)
Women	BMR = 447.593 + (9.247 x weight in kg) + (3.098 x height in cm) - (4.330 x age in years)

Step 2 – applying the Harris-Benedict Principle

The following table enables calculation of an individual's recommended daily calorie intake to maintain current weight.^[4]

Little to no exercise	Daily kilocalories needed = BMR x 1.2
Light exercise (1–3 days per week)	Daily kilocalories needed = BMR x 1.375
Moderate exercise (3–5 days per week)	Daily kilocalories needed = BMR x 1.55
Heavy exercise (6–7 days per week)	Daily kilocalories needed = BMR x 1.725
Very heavy exercise (twice per day, extra heavy workouts)	Daily kilocalories needed = BMR x 1.9

Applications for weight loss

Using the formulae above, a 24-year-old, 80 kg male who is 180 cm would have a BMR of 1900. If he exercised moderately, he would multiply his BMR by his activity level (1900 x 1.55) to determine daily calorie requirements, which would be 2945 kcal per day to keep his weight at 80 kg. This may seem like a high calorie intake, but his activity level requires it. This individual would exercise normally but not lose weight. The same individual without the exercise routine would only be able to consume 2273 kcal per day without gaining weight. The US Department of Health and Human Services Daily Value Guidelines provides figures that support the above example.^[5]

Using the Harris-Benedict Equation, individuals can take a mathematical approach to weight loss. There are 3500 kilocalories in 1 lb (0.45 kg) of body fat. Using the Harris-Benedict Principle, if someone has a daily allowance of 2500 kilocalories, but he reduces his intake to 2000, then the calculations show a one pound loss every 7 days.

History

The Harris-Benedict equation sprang from a study by James Arthur Harris and Francis Gano Benedict, which was published in 1919 by the Carnegie Institution of Washington in the monograph “A Biometric Study Of Basal Metabolism In Man”.

Cited sources

^ A Biometric Study of Human Basal Metabolism. J. Arthur Harris and Francis G. Benedict. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Vol. 4, No. 12 (December 1918): 370–373.
^ A Biometric Study of Basal Metabolism in Man. J. Arthur Harris and Francis G. Benedict. Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution, 1919.
^ The Harris Benedict equation reevaluated. A.M. Roza and H.M. Shizgal. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Vol. 40, No. 1 (July 1984): 168-182.
^ Harris Benedict formula for women and men. GottaSport.com. Retrieved on 2011-10-27.
^ How to Balance the Food You Eat and Your Physical Activity and Prevent Obesity. Nhlbi.nih.gov. Retrieved on 2011-10-27.

External links

BMR Calculators

Calculator based on exactly the formula on this page, (unlike the following calculators).
Harris-Benedict BMR Calculator at WebMD
About.com's BMR Calculator
BodyEngine - caloric intake calculator based on RMR

UpToDate Contents

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1. 中等症から重症熱傷患者に対する栄養所要量および経腸栄養剤 nutritional demands and enteral formulas for moderate to severe burn patients
2. 肥満手術：術後合併症を来した肥満患者の集中治療室（ICU）でのマネージメント bariatric surgery intensive care unit management of the complicated postoperative patient
3. 緩和ケア：悪液質と食欲不振の評価および管理 palliative care assessment and management of anorexia and cachexia
4. 慢性肝疾患における栄養評価 nutritional assessment in chronic liver disease
5. 乳児および小児における経静脈栄養法 parenteral nutrition in infants and children

English Journal

A new equation to estimate basal energy expenditure of patients with diabetes.

Ikeda K, Fujimoto S, Goto M, Yamada C, Hamasaki A, Ida M, Nagashima K, Shide K, Kawamura T, Inagaki N.SourceDepartment of Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. Electronic address: kaikeda@metab.kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland).Clin Nutr.2012 Dec 2. pii: S0261-5614(12)00265-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.11.017. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Predictive equations for basal energy expenditure (BEE) derived from Caucasians tend to overestimate BEE in non-Caucasians. The aim of this study was to develop a more suitable method to estimate BEE in Japanese patients with diabetes using indices readily measured in clinical
PMID 23267745

Triiodothyronine (T3) and metabolic rate in adolescents with eating disorders: is there a correlation?

Aschettino-Manevitz DL, Ornstein RM, Meyer Sterling W, Kohn N, Fisher M.AbstractPurpose: To examine the correlation between T3 and resting energy expenditure(REE) in adolescent patients with eating disorders (ED) to assess whether T3 can be used to predict metabolic rate suppression and recovery. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with ED (Anorexia Nervosa [AN], Bulimia Nervosa [BN], and Eating Disorder NOS [EDNOS]), aged 11-22 years, who had T3 and REE measured within 1 month (n=38 AN, 32 BN/EDNOS). REE was measured by indirect calorimetry (IC) and represented as the percentage of expected REE (%EREE) predicted by the Harris-Benedict equation. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to examine the relationship between T3 and %EREE and how each correlates with anthropometric data, laboratory values, and diagnosis. Results: T3 was significantly correlated with %EREE in the AN group but not in the total population or BN/EDNOS group. In the total study population, T3 alone correlated significantly with weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), BMI percentile, %Ideal Body Weight (IBW), %Maximum Weight Lost (MWL), LH, and estradiol. In the AN group, T3 and %EREE both correlated with BMI, BMI percentile, LH, and estradiol; however, only T3 correlated with %IBW and %MWL. In the BN/EDNOS group, T3 correlated with BMI, BMI percentile, %IBW, and estradiol while %EREE correlated with none. Conclusion: In patients with AN, T3 correlated significantly with markers of malnutrition and %EREE and may serve as a surrogate measure when IC is unavailable. Following T3 during treatment of AN may assist clinicians in assessing metabolic suppression and recovery and help guide caloric prescriptions and goal weights.
Eating and weight disorders : EWD.Eat Weight Disord.2012 Nov 26. [Epub ahead of print]
Purpose: To examine the correlation between T3 and resting energy expenditure(REE) in adolescent patients with eating disorders (ED) to assess whether T3 can be used to predict metabolic rate suppression and recovery. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with ED (Anorexia
PMID 23221424

Japanese Journal

脳卒中回復期患者経口摂取例における安静時エネルギー消費量

川上途行,里宇明元,和田彩子,堀江温子,大塚友吉
The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 48(9), 623-627, 2011
【目的】脳卒中患者の回復期での栄養療法の基準に関する報告は少ない．今回我々は回復期リハビリテーション目的で入院した初回脳卒中患者の安静時エネルギー消費量 (以下REE) を測定し，ハリス・ベネディクトの式より算出した基礎エネルギー量 (以下BEE) と比較した．【対象ならびに方法】対象は当院に入院した初回脳卒中患者76 名 (年齢45〜95 歳，平均69.1±11.9 歳)である．性別，病型，麻痺 …
NAID 130001142477

Validity of Predictive Equations for Basal Metabolic Rate in Japanese Adults

MIYAKE Rieko,TANAKA Shigeho,OHKAWARA Kazunori,ISHIKAWA-TAKATA Kazuko,HIKIHARA Yuki,TAGURI Emiko,KAYASHITA Jun,TABATA Izumi
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology 57(3), 224-232, 2011
… On the other hand, Harris-Benedict, Schofield, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization/United Nations University equations were significantly higher than the measured BMR in both sexes. … The prediction error by Japan-DRI, Adjusted-DRI, and Harris-Benedict equations was significantly correlated with body weight in both sexes. …
NAID 130001003503