WordNet
- a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides (同)cube
- (computer science) a sector or group of sectors that function as the smallest data unit permitted; "since blocks are often defined as a single sector, the terms `block and `sector are sometimes used interchangeably"
- support, secure, or raise with a block; "block a plate for printing"; "block the wheels of a car"
- a solid piece of something (usually having flat rectangular sides); "the pyramids were built with large stone blocks"
- housing in a large building that is divided into separate units; "there is a block of classrooms in the west wing"
- a rectangular area in a city surrounded by streets and usually containing several buildings; "he lives in the next block" (同)city block
- an inability to remember or think of something you normally can do; often caused by emotional tension; "I knew his name perfectly well but I had a temporary block" (同)mental_block
- a number or quantity of related things dealt with as a unit; "he reserved a large block of seats"; "he held a large block of the companys stock"
- interrupt the normal function of by means of anesthesia; "block a nerve"; "block a muscle"
- run on a block system; "block trains"
- shape by using a block; "Block a hat"; "block a garment"
- shape into a block or blocks; "block the graphs so one can see the results clearly"
- stamp or emboss a title or design on a book with a block; "block the book cover"
- a class of drugs that inhibit (block) some biological process (同)blocking_agent
- a football player whose responsibility is to block players attempting to stop an offensive play
- the 8th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)h
- a cellular structure that is postulated to exist in order to mediate between a chemical agent that acts on nervous tissue and the physiological response
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (木・石などの,通例平らな面のある)『かたまり』 / 《米》(四団を街路に囲まれた)『区画』,街区 / 街区の1辺の距離(一般に40メートル前後) / 《英》ブロック(アパート・事務所・商店などに区切られている大きな建物) / 『妨害物』,障害物(obstacle);(障害によって生じた)停滞,渋滞 / 台木,台(まないた・肉切り台・まき割り台・せり売り台・帽子の木型など);《the~》炭頭台 / (特にアメリカンフットボールで)ブロック(相手の選手の突進を阻止する) / 滑車(pulley) / (座席券・株券などの)一組《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈通路など〉'を'『ふさぐ』,〈通行・進行など〉'を'妨げる / 〈帽子など〉の型取りをする / (特にアメリカンフットボールで)〈相手選手の突進〉'を'ブロックする;(ボクシングで)〈相手のパンチ〉'を'ブロックする
- hydrogenの化学記号
- 鉛筆の硬度 / 《俗》heroin
- =sense organ / 受信装置
UpToDate Contents
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- 1. 抗潰瘍剤の薬理学 pharmacology of antiulcer medications
- 2. 成人における胃食道逆流症の内科的マネージメント medical management of gastroesophageal reflux disease in adults
- 3. 成人における難治性胃食道逆流症へのアプローチ approach to refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease in adults
- 4. 小児および思春期における胃食道逆流症のマネージメント management of gastroesophageal reflux disease in children and adolescents
- 5. 集中治療室（ICU）におけるストレス潰瘍の予防 stress ulcer prophylaxis in the intensive care unit
English Journal
- The role of the central histaminergic receptors in the exercise-induced improvements of the spatial learning and memory in rats.
- Taati M1, Moghaddasi M2, Esmaeili M3, Pourkhodadad S4, Nayebzadeh H5.
- Brain research.Brain Res.2014 Oct 31;1587:112-8. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.08.065. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
- While it is well known that exercise can improve cognitive performance, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. There is now evidence that histamine can modulate learning and memory in different types of behavioral tasks. The present study was designed to examine the possible role of cen
- PMID 25192644
- Disruption of histamine H2 receptor slows heart failure progression through reducing myocardial apoptosis and fibrosis.
- Zeng Z1, Shen L1, Li X1, Luo T1, Wei X1, Zhang J1, Cao S1, Huang X1, Fukushima Y2, Bin J1, Kitakaze M, Xu D1, Liao Y1.
- Clinical science (London, England : 1979).Clin Sci (Lond).2014 Oct;127(7):435-48. doi: 10.1042/CS20130716.
- Histamine H2 receptor (H2R) blockade has been reported to be beneficial for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), but the mechanisms involved are not entirely clear. In the present study, we assessed the influences of H2R disruption on left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and the mechanisms involv
- PMID 24655024
- H2 Receptor-Mediated Relaxation of Circular Smooth Muscle in Human Gastric Corpus: the Role of Nitric Oxide (NO).
- Lee SE1, Kim DH2, Kim YC3, Han JH4, Choi W5, Kim CH5, Jeong HW4, Park SM4, Yun SJ4, Choi SY6, Sung R7, Kim YH8, Yoo RY3, Sun PH3, Kim H9, Song YJ2, Xu WX10, Yun HY2, Lee SJ3.
- The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology.Korean J Physiol Pharmacol.2014 Oct;18(5):425-30. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.5.425. Epub 2014 Oct 17.
- This study was designed to examine the effects of histamine on gastric motility and its specific receptor in the circular smooth muscle of the human gastric corpus. Histamine mainly produced tonic relaxation in a concentration-dependent and reversible manner, although histamine enhanced contractilit
- PMID 25352763
Japanese Journal
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor-Mediated Initial Ca2+ Mobilization Constitutes a Triggering Signal for Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Apoptosis in INS-1 β-Cells
- Takada Masahiro,Noguchi Akiko,Sayama Yurie,Kurohane Kaneko Yukiko,Ishikawa Tomohisa
- Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 34(7), 954-958, 2011
- … Reactive oxygen species, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are known to induce β-cell apoptosis. … The present study investigated the role of Ca2+ in H2O2-induced apoptosis of the β-cell line INS-1. … Annexin V assay with flow cytometry and DNA ladder assay demonstrated that treatment of INS-1 cells with 100 μM H2O2 for 18 h significantly increased apoptotic cells. …
- NAID 130000738080
- 気管支喘息の病態におけるヒスタミンの役割と抗ヒスタミン薬の臨床的有用性の再検証
- 山内 広平,鹿内 俊樹,中村 豊,小林 仁,小笠原 正人,前山 一隆
- YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 131(2), 185-191, 2011
- … Histamine may play various roles in allergic airway inflammation through the H1 receptor (H1R), H2R, and H4R in immune cells including T lymphocytes and dendritic cells. …
- NAID 130000451448
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「H2受容体拮抗薬」「H2 receptor antagonist」 |
| 関連記事 | 「block」「blocker」「H」 |
「H2受容体拮抗薬」
- 英
- H2 blocker H2-blockers
- 同
- H2受容体ブロッカー H2 receptor blocker、H2受容体拮抗薬 H2 receptor antagonist H2RA、ヒスタミンH2受容体遮断薬 ヒスタミンH2受容体拮抗薬 histamine H2-receptor antagonists histamine H2 receptor antagonist histamine H2 antagonist、H2拮抗薬 H2 antagonist H2-antagonist、H2遮断薬、H2ブロッカー
- 関
- 抗ヒスタミン薬
GOO.chapter36 p.971
- 消化性潰瘍治療薬
- 命名法は" -tidine"
- 特徴
- 十二指腸潰瘍の治癒率を向上する (⇔プロトンポンプ阻害薬)
H2受容体拮抗薬
- シメチジン cimetidine
- ラニチジン ranitidine
- ファモチジン famotidine ガスター
- ニザチジン nizatidine
- ロキサチジン roxitidine
- ラフチジン lafutidine プロテカジン 防御因子増強作用を有する。肝代謝なので腎機能障害があっても使用可能
構造
- イミダゾール環をもち、ヒスタミンに似る
作用機序
- H1受容体にはほとんど作用しない
- H2受容体に可逆的、競合的に結合してヒスタミンを阻害する。
- 胃粘膜の局所の肥満細胞、ECL細胞
- histamine→H2R→Csα→AC→cAMP↑→PKA→H+,K+-ATPase
- histamine→H2R→[Ca2+]i↑→H+,K+-ATPase ←補助的pathway
- H2RとMRとGRは相互作用しており、胃酸を分泌する。
注意
- 副作用5%↓
- 薬剤耐性
- リバウンド
- 中止すると再発率が高い。そのため半年かけて漸減させゆっくり離脱
- 胃粘膜が減弱している
- 薬物相互作用
副作用
- 副作用5%↓
- 汎血球減少症、無顆粒球症
- 肝障害、抗アンドロゲン作用(女性化乳房、乳汁分泌)
- 中止すると再発率が高い。そのため半年かけて漸減させゆっくり離脱
- 胃粘膜が減弱しているから
相互作用
- シメチジン：CYP2D6, CYP3A4阻害作用。 CYPs(CYP1A2,CYP2C9,CYP2D6)の阻害 (GOO.972)
- ラニチジン：CYPs。しかし、シメチジンの10%程度
- ファモチジン、ニザチジン：なし
「H2 receptor antagonist」
「block」
- n.
- v.
- 遮断する、ブロックする、封鎖する、阻止する
- 関
- blockade、blockage、deter、inhibit、inhibition、lump、prevent、prevention、repress、repression、seal、turn off
「blocker」
- n.
「H」