関: C. elegans、Caenorhabditis elegans、nematode

WordNet

unsegmented worms with elongated rounded body pointed at both ends; mostly free-living but some are parasitic (同)nematode worm, roundworm

PrepTutorEJDIC

線虫(環節のない細長い虫)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/09/02 14:27:14」(JST)

wiki en

Caenorhabditis briggsae is a small nematode, closely related to Caenorhabditis elegans. The differences between the two species are subtle. The male tail in C. briggsae has a slightly different morphology from C. elegans. Other differences include changes in vulval precursor competence and the placement of the excretory duct opening.^[1] C. briggsae is frequently used to study the differences between it and the more intimately understood C. elegans, especially at the DNA and protein sequence level. Several mutant strains of C. briggsae have also been isolated that facilitate genetic analysis of this organism.^[2] C. briggsae, like C. elegans, is a hermaphrodite.^[3] The genome sequence for C. briggsae was determined in 2003.^[4]

History

C. briggsae was initially discovered by Margaret Briggs in 1944. The first individuals were isolated from a pile of leaves found on the Palo Alto campus of Stanford University. Briggs, who was studying for her MS, identified the nematodes as an unknown species of the genus Rhabditis.^[5] They were formally described in 1949 by Dougherty and Nigon and named Rhabditis briggsae. Both C. briggsae and C. elegans (then known as Rhabditis elegans) were placed into a new subgenus Caenorhabditis in 1952. The subgenus was later elevated to a genus in 1955. Briggs' initial work with the organism looked at its lifecycle in various kinds of media in the presence and absence of bacteria. She later used the organism in studies on the effects of antibiotics. This work was important in the development of axenic culture methods.^[6]

Habitat

C. briggsae can often be found in compost, garden beds, moist mushrooms, or rotting fruit rich with microorganisms and various nutrients. The organism's main habitat is often considered to be the temperate regions of the globe, often accompanying its relatives C. elegans and C. remanei.^[7]

Overview of genome

The genome of C. briggsae is roughly 100 Mb in size and is predicted to encode about 20,000 genes.^[8] The whole genome sequencing project^[9] revealed the genomes of C. briggsae and C. elegans to have much in common. For example, both worms have the same number of chromosomes (six), similar genome size, and similar numbers of protein coding and nonprotein coding genes. Further analysis demonstrated about 62% of the protein-coding genes in C. briggsae have orthologs in C. elegans. Nevertheless, many interesting species-specific features including genes exist, which serve as the foundation for comparative analysis.^[10]

Comparative genomics with C. elegans

C. briggsae is a soil nematode estimated to have diverged from C. elegans around 80–100 million years ago, and yet is morphologically almost indistinguishable from it. Areas of sequence-encoding proteins are mostly conserved between the two species, while most intergenic and intronic sequences are divergent. Areas of similarity between the sequences of the two organisms can suggest coding exons or point to regulatory regions and to RNA genes missed in standard analysis.^[11]

References

^ Gupta, B. P.; Sternberg, P. W. (2003). "The draft genome sequence of the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae, a companion to C. elegans". Genome Biology. 4 (12): 238. PMC 329410 . PMID 14659008. doi:10.1186/gb-2003-4-12-238.
^ Nematode C. briggsae Research Resource
^ Haag, Eric S. "The evolution of nematode sex determination: C. elegans as a reference point for comparative biology". WormBook.
^ Stein, L. D.; Blasiar, Darin; et al. (2003). "The Genome Sequence of Caenorhabditis briggsae: A Platform for Comparative Genomics". PLoS Biology. 1 (2): 166–192. PMC 261899 . PMID 14624247. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000045.
^ Ellsworth C Dougherty Archived 2008-05-26 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Ferris, Howard; Hieb, W.F. (2015). "Ellsworth C. Dougherty: A Pioneer in the Selection of Caenorhabditis elegans as a Model Organism". Genetics. 200 (4): 991–1002. PMC 4574257 . PMID 26272995. doi:10.1534/genetics.115.178913.
^ Watson L. D.; et al. (2007). "Caenorhabditis briggsae". Washington University in St. Louis.
^ [1]
^ Stein et al., 2003
^ Genomics and biology of the nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae
^ C. briggsae Project

External links

View the cb3 genome assembly in the UCSC Genome Browser.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. アポトーシスと自己免疫疾患 apoptosis and autoimmune disease
2. 遺伝学およびゲノミクスのためのツール：モデルシステム tools for genetics and genomics model systems
3. 正常思春期 normal puberty

English Journal

Mitochondrial-Nuclear Epistasis Impacts Fitness and Mitochondrial Physiology of Inter-population Caenorhabditis briggsae Hybrids.

Chang CC1, Rodriguez J1, Ross J2.
G3 (Bethesda, Md.).G3 (Bethesda).2015 Nov 19. pii: g3.115.022970. doi: 10.1534/g3.115.022970. [Epub ahead of print]
In order to identify the earliest genetic changes that precipitate species formation, it is useful to study genetic incompatibilities that cause only mild dysfunction when incompatible alleles are combined in an inter-population hybrid. Such hybridization within the nematode species Caenorhabditis b
PMID 26585825

Evolutionarily divergent thermal sensitivity of germline development and fertility in hermaphroditic Caenorhabditis nematodes.

Poullet N1,2, Vielle A1,2, Gimond C1,2, Ferrari C1,2, Braendle C1,2.
Evolution & development.Evol Dev.2015 Nov;17(6):380-97. doi: 10.1111/ede.12170.
Thermal developmental plasticity represents a key organismal adaptation to maintain reproductive capacity in contrasting and fluctuating temperature niches. Although extensively studied, research on thermal plasticity has mainly focused on phenotypic outcomes, such as adult life history, rather than
PMID 26492828

Draft genome of neurotropic nematode parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis, causative agent of human eosinophilic meningitis.

Yong HS1, Eamsobhana P2, Lim PE3, Razali R4, Aziz FA4, Rosli NS4, Poole-Johnson J4, Anwar A4.
Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2015 Aug;148:51-7. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.04.012. Epub 2015 Apr 21.
Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a bursate nematode parasite that causes eosinophilic meningitis (or meningoencephalitis) in humans in many parts of the world. The genomic data from A. cantonensis will form a useful resource for comparative genomic and chemogenomic studies to aid the development of di
PMID 25910624

Japanese Journal

2D-DIGEとiTRAQを用いた線虫 Caenorhabditis briggsae の発生過程における比較定量プロテオーム解析

寺澤彩子,石堂佑典,遠里由佳子,早野俊哉,伊藤將弘
立命舘大学理工学研究所紀要 69, 109-116, 2010
NAID 110008426731

線虫Caenorhabditis elegansとCaenorhabditis briggsaeの幼虫第1期におけるタンパク質発現比較プロファイル解析

笹原大,日野静花,寺澤彩子,松田祥彦,早野俊哉,伊藤將弘
立命舘大学理工学研究所紀要 68, 37-44, 2009
NAID 110007558285

「nematode」

Caenorhabditis briggsae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Nematoda
Class:	Secernentea
Order:	Rhabditida
Family:	Rhabditidae
Genus:	Caenorhabditis
Species:	C. briggsae
Binomial name
	Caenorhabditis briggsae;