WordNet

manage or run; "tend a store"
have a tendency or disposition to do or be something; be inclined; "She tends to be nervous before her lectures"; "These dresses run small"; "He inclined to corpulence" (同)be given, lean, incline, run
have care of or look after; "She tends to the children"
a mythical Greek hero of the Iliad; a foremost Greek warrior at the siege of Troy; when he was a baby his mother tried to make him immortal by bathing him in a magical river but the heel by which she held him remained vulnerable--his `Achilles heel
a cord or band of inelastic tissue connecting a muscle with its bony attachment (同)sinew

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈人が〉(…の)『傾向がある』,(…)しがちである / 〈物事が〉(ある方向に)向かう,(ある状態に)向かう
〈人・動植物など〉‘の'『世話をする』,めんどうをみる / 《米》〈店〉‘の'番をする / 《tend to+名》…に気をつける,心を配る
アキレス(Homer作のIliadに出てくるギリシア軍の勇将;右足首以外は不死身であったが,ここに矢を射られ戦死をとげたという.このため,「唯一の弱点」のことを『Achilles' heel』「アキレスのかかと」という.《米》では'(アポストロフィ)をつけない)
腱(けん)

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1. 成人における足の痛みの評価と一般的な原因の診断 evaluation and diagnosis of common causes of foot pain in adults
2. アキレス腱障害および腱断裂 achilles tendinopathy and tendon rupture
3. アキレス腱に至らない脹脛部の傷害 calf injuries not involving the achilles tendon
4. 活動的な小児や骨格発達の未成熟な青年の足および足首の痛み：評価 foot and ankle pain in the active child or skeletally immature adolescent evaluation
5. 活動的な小児や骨格発達の未成熟な青年の踵痛：原因の概要 heel pain in the active child or skeletally immature adolescent overview of causes

English Journal

Non-invasive serial casting to treat idiopathic toe walking in an 18-month old child.

Pistilli EE1, Rice T2, Pergami P3, Mandich MB2.Author information 1Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.2Division of Physical Therapy, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.3Department of Pediatrics, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.AbstractBACKGROUND: Idiopathic toe walking is characterized by persistent toe walking in the absence of clinically diagnosed neuromuscular disease. Treatment options in children diagnosed with idiopathic toe walking include: observation, physical therapy, serial casting, or Achilles tendon (heel cord) lengthening surgery.
NeuroRehabilitation.NeuroRehabilitation.2014 Jan 13. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic toe walking is characterized by persistent toe walking in the absence of clinically diagnosed neuromuscular disease. Treatment options in children diagnosed with idiopathic toe walking include: observation, physical therapy, serial casting, or Achilles tendon (heel cord) lengt
PMID 24419016

Effects of running on human Achilles tendon length-tension properties in the free and gastrocnemius components.

Lichtwark GA, Cresswell AG, Newsham-West RJ.Author information Centre for Sensorimotor Neuroscience, The School of Human Movement Studies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.AbstractThe elastic properties of the human Achilles tendon are important for locomotion; however, in vitro tests suggest that repeated cyclic contractions lead to tendon fatigue - an increase in length in response to stress applied. In vivo experiments have not, however, demonstrated mechanical fatigue in the Achilles tendon, possibly due to the limitations of using two-dimensional ultrasound imaging to assess tendon strain. This study used freehand three-dimensional ultrasound (3DUS) to determine whether the free Achilles tendon (calcaneus to soleus) or the gastrocnemius tendon (calcaneus to gastrocnemius) demonstrated tendon fatigue after running exercise. Participants (N=9) underwent 3DUS scans of the Achilles tendon during isometric contractions at four ankle torque levels (passive, and 14, 42 and 70 N m) before and after a 5 km run at a self-selected pace (10-14 km h(-1)). Running had a significant main effect on the length of the free Achilles tendon (P<0.01) with a small increase in length across the torque range. However, the mean lengthening effect was small (<1%) and was not accompanied by a change in free tendon stiffness. There was no significant change in the length of the gastrocnemius tendon or the free tendon cross-sectional area. While the free tendon was shown to lengthen, the lack of change in stiffness suggests the tendon exhibited mechanical creep rather than fatigue. These effects were much smaller than those predicted from in vitro experiments, possibly due to the different loading profile encountered and the ability of the tendon to repair in vivo.
The Journal of experimental biology.J Exp Biol.2013 Dec 1;216(Pt 23):4388-94. doi: 10.1242/jeb.094219. Epub 2013 Sep 12.
The elastic properties of the human Achilles tendon are important for locomotion; however, in vitro tests suggest that repeated cyclic contractions lead to tendon fatigue - an increase in length in response to stress applied. In vivo experiments have not, however, demonstrated mechanical fatigue in
PMID 24031068

Ankle dorsiflexion arthrodesis to salvage Chopart's amputation with anterior skin insufficiency.

Krause FG, Pfander G, Henning J, Shafighi M, Weber M.Author information Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland.AbstractBACKGROUND: In Chopart-level amputations the heel often deviates into equinus and varus when, due to the lack of healthy anterior soft tissue, rebalancing tendon transfers to the talar head are not possible. Consequently, anterior and lateral wound dehiscence and ulceration may occur requiring higher-level amputation to achieve wound closure, with considerable loss of function for the patients.
Foot & ankle international. / American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society [and] Swiss Foot and Ankle Society.Foot Ankle Int.2013 Nov;34(11):1560-8. doi: 10.1177/1071100713495380. Epub 2013 Jun 18.
BACKGROUND: In Chopart-level amputations the heel often deviates into equinus and varus when, due to the lack of healthy anterior soft tissue, rebalancing tendon transfers to the talar head are not possible. Consequently, anterior and lateral wound dehiscence and ulceration may occur requiring highe
PMID 23780800