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1. 肩甲難産：高リスク妊娠における危険因子と計画出産shoulder dystocia risk factors and planning birth of high risk pregnancies [show details]
… Pelvimetry – Almost all shoulder dystocias occur in patients with normal pelvic dimensions; therefore, imaging studies (radiograph, computed tomography, ultrasound) and clinical pelvimetry are not …
2. 陣痛：正常および異常分娩進行の概要labor overview of normal and abnormal progression [show details]
… pelvimetry) are inexact and poorly predict the course and outcome of labor , except at the extremes of pelvic contraction or excessive fetal size. Radiographic pelvimetry is not recommended… the symphysis pubis and the leading part of the fetal skull (called the angle of progression [AoP]) between contractions.…
3. 陣痛および分娩：正常な第一ステージのマネージメントlabor and delivery management of the normal first stage [show details]
… Routine clinical pelvimetry is not recommended . Pelvimetry has been replaced,… The fontanelles and suture lines of the fetal skull and their orientation according to fetal position…
4. 手術による経膣分娩operative vaginal birth [show details]
…forceps or vacuum birth has not been established in disorders that result in demineralization of the skull. There is a theoretic risk for intracranial bleeding, extracranial bleeding, and other brain injuries … Clinical pelvimetry suggests an adequate pelvis relative to estimated fetal size.…
5. 骨盤位の概要overview of breech presentation [show details]
…presentation is characterized by the presence of a soft mass (ie, buttocks) and the absence of a hard fetal skull. In addition, a hollow (fetal neck) next to the presenting part is absent in a breech presentation … including the absence of diminished pelvic dimensions on radiographic pelvimetry.…