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1. 遺伝学の基礎概念：DNA制御と遺伝子発現basic genetics concepts dna regulation and gene expression [show details]
… Proteins and RNA species regulate the expression of specific genes, and there are complex interactions between DNA, RNA, and protein. Examples of other types of RNA besides mRNA include… Mitochondria are cytoplasmic organelles thought to be derived by an ancient acquisition of bacteria into eukaryotic cells.…
2. 自然免疫系の概要an overview of the innate immune system [show details]
…The RIG-1-like receptor family (RIG-1, MDA5, and LPG2) is a second family of cytoplasmic PRRs. These PRRs recognize the RNA of internalized viruses and mediate production of type-1 IFNs and antiviral immune …
3. 遺伝子治療、ゲノム編集、遺伝子発現抑制の概要overview of gene therapy gene editing and gene silencing [show details]
…endogenously derived double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) . These dsRNAs, also called small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), can bind tightly by antisense base pairing to target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to which they have homologous …
4. HIV-1 RNA定量の技術および解釈techniques and interpretation of hiv 1 rna quantitation [show details]
…of HIV-1 RNA and the use of viral load for clinical management. Additional information on nucleic acid, HIV-2 RNA, and CD-4 cell count testing is found elsewhere. Studies have found HIV-1 RNA levels to …
5. インターフェロンの産生およびシグナル伝達により仲介される自己炎症性疾患（インターフェロン病）autoinflammatory diseases mediated by interferon production and signaling interferonopathies [show details]
…SAVI than to the other forms of AGS. Patients with pathogenic variants in IFIH1 (encoding the cytoplasmic RNA sensor MDA5) may present as AGS with neurologic and cutaneous symptoms, but some are asymptomatic …