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1. 遺伝性有口赤血球症（HSt）および遺伝性乾燥赤血球症（HX）hereditary stomatocytosis hst and hereditary xerocytosis hx [show details]
… additional testing may include osmotic fragility and/or genetic analysis for possible gene variants associated with HSt and/or HX. Osmotic fragility testing is generally performed… The severity of fatigue is attributed to the left-shift in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve.…
2. 高齢者に生じる軽度の骨盤骨折（脆弱性骨盤骨折）minor pelvic fractures pelvic fragility fractures in the older adult [show details]
…initiating anti-osteoporotic treatments acutely following a pelvic fragility fracture . A cohort study of 132 older adults with a pelvic fragility fracture showed improved healing among patients who were already …
3. 多尿患者の評価evaluation of patients with polyuria [show details]
…and the urine osmolality may be helpful in distinguishing among these disorders: A low plasma sodium concentration with a low urine osmolality (eg, less than one-half the plasma osmolality) is indicative …
4. 血清浸透圧の低下を伴わない（偽性低ナトリウム血症を含む）低ナトリウム血症の原因causes of hyponatremia without hypotonicity including pseudohyponatremia [show details]
…concentration reduces the serum osmolality, this reduction is counterbalanced to a variable degree by azotemia, which increases the osmolality. Thus, the measured osmolality may be normal or elevated. However …
5. 血清浸透圧ギャップserum osmolal gap [show details]
… The measured osmolality and the calculated osmolality should be similar (generally within approximately 6 mosmol/kg) . An elevated serum osmolal gap exists if the measured osmolality is more than 10 …