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1. Surgical management of Crohn diseasesurgical management of crohn disease [show details]
…biologic agents are effective against fistulizing Crohn disease in about half of patients , refractory fistulas require resection of the involved bowel segment and oversewing of the fistulous opening into …
2. 気管支切開：成人における術後のケア、維持、合併症tracheostomy postoperative care maintenance and complications in adults [show details]
… cosmetic appearance. Treatment includes cauterization, excision, or in rare and refractory cases, surgical closure of the fistula. For patients who fail decannulation and in whom the stoma has not yet fully …
3. 命に関わる喀血の評価およびマネージメントevaluation and management of life threatening hemoptysis [show details]
…reserved for those refractory to arteriography or local measures or for those with life-threatening bleeding from vascular lesions requiring urgent repair (eg, aortic aneurysm rupture or fistula). Treatment …
4. 孤発性リンパ脈管筋腫症：治療と予後sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis treatment and prognosis [show details]
…responsible for its superior efficacy). However, for those with repeated pneumothoraces or a refractory bronchopleural fistula, talc poudrage may be the most sensible option to avoid protracted attempts to achieve …
5. 成人の気管支瘻bronchopleural fistula in adults [show details]
… Repeat bronchoscopy is not routine and only performed if fistula recurrence or a complication is suspected (eg, stent migration). Refractory patients – For patients who fail surgical or bronchoscopic …