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1. 小児における慢性腎臓病：マネージメントの概要chronic kidney disease in children overview of management [show details]
… complications. In addition, avoidance of risk factors as outlined above should be maintained to slow CKD progression. Severe CKD and end-stage kidney failure: Stages G4 and G5 – Patients who continue to …
2. 成人における慢性腎臓病マネージメントの概要overview of the management of chronic kidney disease in adults [show details]
… on the progression of CKD is presented at length elsewhere Studies in experimental animals and humans suggest that progression in CKD may be due at least in part to secondary factors that are unrelated… and factors such as age, proteinuria, and type of kidney disease. The general management of the patient with CKD involves the following issues : Treatment of reversible causes of kidney failure; Preventing…
3. 静脈瘤からの出血がある患者の管理の概要overview of the management of patients with variceal bleeding [show details]
…(Cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor [AHF]; cryo) is a plasma-derived blood product for transfusion that contains fibrinogen (factor I), factor VIII, factor XIII, von Willebrand factor,… decompress the hypertensive portal vein and return blood to the systemic circulation. The formation and progression of varices are discussed separately. The frequency with which varices account for upper gastrointestinal … mortality risk include pneumonia, sepsis, acute-on-chronic liver failure, hepatic encephalopathy, and renal failure . It is not unusual for multiple complications to develop simultaneously. Patients with cirrhosis …
4. 小児における後天性末梢性ニューロパチーの概要overview of acquired peripheral neuropathies in children [show details]
…symmetrical sensory neuropathy, initially affecting the distal lower extremities . With disease progression, sensory loss ascends and, when reaching approximately mid-calf, becomes clinically apparent in … Peripheral polyneuropathy generally develops only in advanced renal failure and is an indication to initiate dialysis.… motor conduction velocity in the posterior tibial nerve. Thalidomide, which inhibits tumor necrosis factor and angiogenesis, has been used in disorders including Crohn disease, graft-versus-host-disease,…
5. 小児における急性腎障害（急性腎不全）の予防およびマネージメントprevention and management of acute kidney injury acute renal failure in children [show details]
… Widely available interventions for modifiable risk factors (such as hypertension and proteinuria) hold promise for prevention of CKD progression in these high-risk populations.… dysregulation of extracellular volume and electrolytes. The term AKI has largely replaced acute renal failure (ARF), as it more clearly defines kidney dysfunction as a continuum rather than a discrete finding …

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