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1. バンコマイシン耐性腸球菌感染症：疫学、予防、抑制vancomycin resistant enterococci epidemiology prevention and control [show details]
… swab cultures or stool cultures. The overall sensitivity of rectal swab cultures for detection of VRE was 58 percent in one report but varied directly with VRE density in stool from 100 percent… Antimicrobial soaps (eg, chlorhexidine containing) may be more useful than plain soap for patients with VRE in contact precautions… hospital settings (eg, medical and surgical intensive care units, and medical and pediatric wards) and, like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, VRE is endemic in many large hospitals . In 2008, the …
2. 胃瘻チューブ：造設および定期的なケアgastrostomy tubes placement and routine care [show details]
… The presence of a sudden bolus of air or stool within the syringe suggests passage through the bowel.… gastrostomy tube is passed through the hole. Replacement tubes with skin-level buttons are also available. Like other replacement tubes, these tubes have a balloon at their distal tip. If there is ever a concern … avoid hydrogen peroxide since it can irritate the skin, and instead keep the site clean with soap and water. In addition, some centers prefer to leave the wound open to the air to prevent holding moisture …
3. コレラ：臨床的特徴、診断、治療、予防cholera clinical features diagnosis treatment and prevention [show details]
… of fresh rice-water stools (at 400x magnification) can also be used to rapidly evaluate for the presence of highly motile Vibrios, whose shooting star-like motion can be inhibited… drinking un-boiled or untreated water is a commonly identified risk factor for cholera, while use of soap is associated with a lower likelihood of infection . In some, primarily foodborne cholera outbreaks …
4. 感染症予防：感染症の広がり防止に関する注意点infection prevention precautions for preventing transmission of infection [show details]
…hygiene. Either soap and water or AHD may be used in most circumstances; we favor AHD because it is more efficient than handwashing with soap and water. Hand washing with soap and water should be used in …
5. 軽症熱傷の治療treatment of minor thermal burns [show details]
… using only mild soap and tap water, an approach supported by a growing number of burn centers . Patients should be instructed to wash their burns daily with mild soap and water during dressing… a discussion should be held with the accepting burn center about what dressings they would like placed.…