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1. 成人における多発性硬化症の臨床的特徴 clinical features of multiple sclerosis in adults
2. 視覚変化が認められた小児患者に対するアプローチ approach to the pediatric patient with vision change
3. 一過性黒内障（一過性単眼または両眼視力低下） amaurosis fugax transient monocular or binocular visual loss
4. 新生児単純ヘルペスウイルス感染：臨床的特徴および診断 neonatal herpes simplex virus infection clinical features and diagnosis
5. 嚢虫症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of cysticercosis

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下行性疼痛抑制系神経系は中脳水道周辺灰白質からの脊髄への入力からなる。具体的には大縫線核(セロトニン作動性)、巨大細胞網様核・傍巨大細胞網様核(ノルアドレナリン作動性)がの2系統が起点となる。抗うつ薬はこれらの神経伝達物質の再吸収を妨げ鎮痛作用を発揮する。

Adams and s Principles of Neurology, Ninth Edition Allan Ropper. table 8-2より抜粋

dysesthesia : Any abnormal sensation described as unpleasant by the patient.
hyperalgesia : Exaggerated pain response from a normally painful stimulus; usually includes aspects of summation with repeated stimulus of constant intensity and aftersensation.
hyperpathia : Abnormally painful and exaggerated reaction to a painful stimulus; related to hyperalgesia.
hyperesthesia (hypesthesia) : Exaggerated perception of touch stimulus.
allodynia : Abnormal perception of pain from a normally nonpainful mechanical or thermal stimulus; usually has elements of delay in perception and of aftersensation.
hypoalgesia (hypalgesia) : Decreased sensitivity and raised threshoid to painful stimuli.
anesthesia : Reduced perception of all sensation, mainly touch.
pallanesthesia : Loss of perception of vibration.
analgesia : Reduced perception of pain stimulus.
paresthesia : Mainly spontaneous abnormal sensation that is not unpleasant; usually described as "pins and needles".
causalgia : Buming pain in the distribution of one or more peripheral nerves.