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1. 産婦人科でのケアに見られる人種間・民族間の格差と無意識の偏見が及ぼす影響racial and ethnic disparities in obstetric and gynecologic care and role of implicit biases [show details]
…approaches. As implicit biases operate below providers awareness, it is difficult to both assess biases and the impact of mitigation strategies. Interventions to reduce bias have been proposed in the …
2. 予防のためのエビデンスに基づいたアプローチevidence based approach to prevention [show details]
… Length-time bias occurs because the proportion of slow-growing lesions diagnosed during screening is greater than the proportion of those diagnosed during usual medical care. As a result, length-time bias makes …
3. システマティックレビューおよびメタアナリシスsystematic review and meta analysis [show details]
… "publication bias." Similarly, "outcome reporting bias" relates to the concern that nonsignificant or unfavorable outcomes are selectively not reported in publications. Many other potential sources of bias have …
4. 成人における慢性腎臓病マネージメントの概要overview of the management of chronic kidney disease in adults [show details]
…nephrology visits, respectively. Studies relating to mortality may suffer from lead-time bias. In general, such bias may be observed with early diagnosis and/or early initiation of treatment of a condition …
5. 女性の生殖能力におよぼすカフェインの影響the effects of caffeine on reproductive outcomes in women [show details]
…consumption; Recall bias due to retrospective assessment of caffeine intake; Failure to allow for individual variations in caffeine metabolism; Inadequate control of confounding factors ; Selection bias; Chemicals …