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1. 瞳孔不同患者へのアプローチapproach to the patient with anisocoria [show details]
… the mechanism of mydriasis is understood. Indeed, the noncontrast head computed tomography (CT) routinely ordered in the emergency department for a patient with mydriasis is not helpful… as reading the near acuity card, viewed at approximately 1 foot from the eyes. In patients who are unable to converge or are blind, the near reaction can be elicited by having the patient look at their thumb …
2. 外傷性前房出血：臨床的特徴および診断traumatic hyphema clinical features and diagnosis [show details]
…to pupillary constriction and contraction of the iris musculature with pain. In the patient who is unable to open the affected eye, exposure of the unaffected eye to bright light will frequently cause pain … Anisocoria – Torn iris sphincter muscles can result in miosis or mydriasis (pupillary dilation).…
3. 抗コリン剤中毒anticholinergic poisoning [show details]
… "Blind as a bat" (nonreactive mydriasis) – Muscarinic input contributes to both pupillary constriction and effective accommodation.… crosses the blood brain barrier; other medicinal carbamates (eg, neostigmine, pyridostigmine) are unable to traverse this barrier. Physostigmine is thus extremely useful in reversing the peripheral and …
4. 覚醒剤：急性中毒methamphetamine acute intoxication [show details]
… Some patients are unable to provide any history because of severe agitation.… nose and throat (HEENT) – Common HEENT examination findings include minimally reactive mydriasis,…
5. 成人における第三脳神経（動眼神経）麻痺third cranial nerve oculomotor nerve palsy in adults [show details]
…third nerve palsy is extremely unlikely to be the cause of isolated mydriasis. Tonic pupil, iris sphincter damage, and pharmacologic mydriasis should be specifically excluded by careful neuroophthalmologic …