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1. 電気外科療法の概要overview of electrosurgery [show details]
…between the two electrodes of the surgical instrument. The electrodes may be tines of forceps, blades of scissors, or graspers. A separate return electrode (ie, dispersion pad) to return current is not …
2. 脳深部刺激装置の留置を行う患者への麻酔anesthesia for patients who undergo deep brain stimulator implantation [show details]
… defibrillator devices and spinal cord stimulators. If monopolar cautery is required, the return dispersive electrode (grounding pad) should be placed as far as possible from the generator, and the lowest …
3. 体外式のカルディオバージョンおよび電気的除細動の基本原則と手技basic principles and technique of external electrical cardioversion and defibrillation [show details]
… optimal electrode size (approximately 12.8 cm) above which any further increase in electrode area causes a decline in current density . The use of hand-held paddle electrodes may be more… the rate of return of spontaneous circulation was higher with biphasic shock therapy (76 versus 54 percent).…
4. 小児における除細動およびカルディオバージョン（自動体外式除細動期を含む）defibrillation and cardioversion in children including automated external defibrillation [show details]
… the proper electrodes, conductors, and energy. Clinicians may use either handheld paddles or self-adhesive electrode pads to defibrillate or cardiovert. Electrode pads offer several… sustained return of spontaneous circulation or survival was not associated with initial defibrillation doses .…
5. 神経筋接合部の電気診断学的評価electrodiagnostic evaluation of the neuromuscular junction [show details]
… Patient movement or electrode contamination alters the interface between skin and recording electrode and between the electrode and the signal generator (the muscle).… it takes approximately 100 ms to return calcium concentrations to their pre-depolarization equilibrium.…